Figure 1.

Analysis of mutation detection in stromal components. (A) Representative schematic diagram showing the three components of PDAC: the neoplastic, stroma, and normal pancreatic components. Vimentin was enriched in stromal components. (B) Mutational prevalence of stromal components. Top 15 genes mutated in over two stroma specimens are shown. In total, 127 somatic mutations were detected in stromal components from 39 patients. KRAS (71.8%), TP53 (61.5%), and CDKN2A (23.1%) were the most recurrent mutant genes. Top bars indicate the number of mutations. Left-hand bars represent the frequency of each gene. Hot plot shows the detailed mutations detected in each patient. (C) Comparison of mutant frequencies of top 15 genes in stroma, tumor, and public TCGA database. Altered KRAS and TP53 were the most commonly altered genes and demonstrated concordance in three cohorts. (D) Common mutations in stromal and matched neoplastic components; 89.8% mutations in stroma also co-existed in matched neoplastic components. Thirteen stromal mutations were absent in matched neoplastic components, while 134 mutations were exclusive to the neoplastic components. PDAC, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma; TCGA, The Cancer Genome Atlas.