Table 4. Distributions of ideal, intermediate, or poor level of cardiovascular health components among Korean adults aged 20 years or older.
| Component | KNHANES IV, 2007–2009 | KNHANES V, 2010–2012 | KNHANES VI, 2013–2015 | KNHANES VII, 2016–2018 | p for trend | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of participants | Prevalence (95% CI) | Number of participants | Prevalence (95% CI) | Number of participants | Prevalence (95% CI) | Number of participants | Prevalence (95% CI) | |||
| Smoking status | <0.0001 | |||||||||
| Ideal | 9,449 | 56.0 (55.2–56.9) | 9,954 | 56.4 (55.5–57.3) | 8,513 | 59.5 (58.5–60.5) | 10,108 | 59.2 (58.2–60.1) | ||
| Intermediate | 2,665 | 17.6 (16.9–18.2) | 2,966 | 17.5 (16.8–18.2) | 2,495 | 17.9 (17.1–18.7) | 3,202 | 19.4 (18.7–20.1) | ||
| Poor | 3,337 | 26.4 (25.5–27.2) | 3,265 | 26.1 (25.2–27.0) | 2,517 | 22.6 (21.6–23.5) | 2,937 | 21.4 (20.5–22.3) | ||
| Physical activity | <0.0001 | |||||||||
| Ideal | 6,219 | 41.4 (40.1–42.6) | 5,430 | 35.5 (34.3–36.6) | 3,910 | 32.2 (31.0–33.4) | 3,019 | 21.3 (20.3–22.3) | ||
| Intermediate | 2,045 | 14.2 (13.4–15.0) | 2,137 | 14.0 (13.2–14.7) | 1,736 | 13.7 (13.0–14.5) | 2,074 | 13.4 (12.7–14.1) | ||
| Poor | 7,187 | 44.4 (43.0–45.9) | 8,618 | 50.5 (49.3–51.7) | 7,879 | 54.1 (52.7–55.4) | 11,154 | 65.2 (64.1–66.3) | ||
| Healthy diet (n=14,475) | <0.0001 | |||||||||
| Ideal | N/A | 245 | 5.9 (5.0–6.8) | 472 | 4.8 (4.3–5.4) | 151 | 4.5 (3.6–5.5) | |||
| Intermediate | 2,440 | 76.5 (74.1–78.9) | 6,671 | 76.7 (75.5–77.8) | 2,227 | 73.1 (71.0–75.3) | ||||
| Poor | 428 | 17.6 (15.3–19.9) | 1,277 | 18.5 (17.3–19.6) | 564 | 22.3 (20.2–24.5) | ||||
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | <0.0001 | |||||||||
| Ideal | 6,805 | 44.3 (43.3–45.3) | 7,206 | 44.6 (43.6–45.7) | 5,867 | 44.3 (43.3–45.4) | 6,825 | 42.2 (41.2–43.1) | ||
| Intermediate | 3,739 | 24.0 (23.2–24.8) | 3,809 | 23.0 (22.2–23.8) | 3,231 | 23.3 (22.4–24.1) | 3,741 | 22.6 (21.9–23.4) | ||
| Poor | 4,907 | 31.7 (30.7–32.6) | 5,170 | 32.4 (31.4–33.4) | 4,427 | 32.4 (31.5–33.4) | 5,681 | 35.2 (34.2–36.1) | ||
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | <0.0001 | |||||||||
| Ideal | 9,821 | 65.5 (64.5–66.5) | 9,409 | 61.0 (60.0–62.0) | 7,697 | 59.8 (58.7–60.9) | 7,876 | 50.3 (49.3–51.3) | ||
| Intermediate | 4,301 | 26.8 (26.0–27.6) | 5,203 | 30.2 (29.4–31.0) | 4,539 | 31.3 (30.4–32.2) | 6,361 | 37.8 (36.9–38.7) | ||
| Poor | 1,329 | 7.7 (7.2–8.2) | 1,573 | 8.8 (8.2–9.4) | 1,289 | 8.9 (8.3–9.5) | 2,010 | 11.9 (11.3–12.5) | ||
| Blood pressure (mmHg) | <0.0001 | |||||||||
| Ideal | 7,919 | 55.1 (53.8–56.3) | 7,446 | 50.3 (49.0–51.6) | 6,333 | 51.7 (50.4–53.0) | 7,045 | 46.9 (45.7–48.0) | ||
| Intermediate | 4,802 | 30.9 (29.9–32.0) | 5,331 | 33.3 (32.3–34.3) | 4,550 | 32.9 (31.9–32.2) | 5,703 | 35.4 (34.5–36.3) | ||
| Poor | 2,730 | 14.0 (13.3–14.7) | 3,408 | 16.4 (15.6–17.2) | 2,642 | 15.3 (14.6–16.1) | 3,499 | 17.7 (16.9–18.5) | ||
| Fasting glucose (mg/dL) | <0.0001 | |||||||||
| Ideal | 11,141 | 74.6 (73.6–75.6) | 11,474 | 74.2 (73.2–75.2) | 8,917 | 69.0 (67.9–70.0) | 10,195 | 66.0 (65.0–67.0) | ||
| Intermediate | 3,350 | 19.9 (19.0–20.7) | 3,643 | 20.2 (19.3–21.1) | 3,579 | 24.5 (23.6–25.5) | 4,342 | 26.5 (25.6–27.3) | ||
| Poor | 960 | 5.5 (5.1–5.9) | 1,068 | 5.6 (5.2–6.1) | 1,029 | 6.5 (6.0–7.0) | 1,410 | 7.5 (7.0–8.0) | ||
CI = confidence interval; KNHANES = Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.