Table 5.
Results of the Wilcoxon matched-pairs test for PCA values in 2004 and 2018.
Source: own elaboration
| (A) Partitions | Austria (49) | Prussia (185) | Russia (146) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| O | M | S | O | M | S | O | M | S | |
| median of differences | 0.242 | 0.027 | 0.422 | − 0.103 | − 0.323 | 0.144 | 0.078 | 0.330 | − 0.277 |
| Σ of ranks + | 403 | 559 | 302 | 10,082 | 12,218 | 7572 | 4831 | 2913 | 7005 |
| Σ of ranks − | 822 | 666 | 923 | 7123 | 4987 | 9633 | 5900 | 7818 | 3726 |
| T | 403 | 559 | 302 | 7123 | 4987 | 7572 | 4831 | 2913 | 3726 |
| p-value | 0.037 | 0.601 | 0.002 | 0.042 | 0.000 | 0.158 | 0.298 | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Z | 2.079 | 0.527 | 3.084 | 2.028 | 4.957 | 1.412 | 1.043 | 4.790 | 3.202 |
| p-value | 0.038 | 0.598 | 0.002 | 0.043 | 0.000 | 0.158 | 0.297 | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| (B) Urbanization level | High (70) | Average (90) | Low (207) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| O | M | S | O | M | S | O | M | S | |
| median of differences | 0.460 | 0.556 | 0.421 | − 0.036 | − 0.159 | − 0.063 | − 0.071 | − 0.096 | − 0.111 |
| Σ of ranks + | 461 | 464 | 664 | 2110 | 2281 | 2084 | 13,136 | 12,666 | 12,272 |
| Σ of ranks − | 2024 | 2021 | 1821 | 1985 | 1814 | 2011 | 8392 | 8862 | 9256 |
| T | 461 | 464 | 664 | 1985 | 1814 | 2011 | 8392 | 8862 | 9256 |
| p-value | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.001 | 0.804 | 0.350 | 0.885 | 0.006 | 0.027 | 0.081 |
| Z | 4.571 | 4.553 | 3.383 | 0.249 | 0.938 | 0.145 | 2.748 | 2.204 | 1.747 |
| p-value | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.001 | 0.803 | 0.348 | 0.885 | 0.006 | 0.028 | 0.081 |
| (C) Functional type | Service (31) | Industrial-service (47) | Industrial (54) | Agro-mixed (87) | Agricultural (74) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| O | M | S | O | M | S | O | M | S | O | M | S | O | M | S | |
| median of differences | 0.760 | 0.810 | 0.534 | 0.053 | 0.079 | 0.031 | − 0.201 | − 0.669 | 0.239 | − 0.102 | − 0.126 | − 0.093 | 0.064 | 0.239 | − 0.348 |
| Σ of ranks + | 59 | 45 | 106 | 499 | 458 | 552 | 946 | 1326 | 449 | 2389 | 2258 | 2199 | 1235 | 739 | 1863 |
| Σ of ranks − | 437 | 451 | 390 | 629 | 670 | 576 | 539 | 159 | 1036 | 1439 | 1570 | 1629 | 1540 | 2036 | 912 |
| T | 59 | 45 | 106 | 499 | 458 | 552 | 539 | 159 | 449 | 1439 | 1570 | 1629 | 1235 | 739 | 912 |
| p-value | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.004 | 0.498 | 0.267 | 0.904 | 0.080 | 0.000 | 0.011 | 0.044 | 0.147 | 0.230 | 0.415 | 0.000 | 0.010 |
| Z | 3.694 | 3.968 | 2.773 | 0.683 | 1.116 | 0.122 | 1.748 | 5.020 | 2.523 | 2.008 | 1.454 | 1.204 | 0.819 | 3.491 | 2.559 |
| p-value | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.006 | 0.495 | 0.264 | 0.903 | 0.080 | 0.000 | 0.012 | 0.045 | 0.146 | 0.229 | 0.413 | 0.000 | 0.010 |
O–overall, M–material dimension, S–social dimension; the number of units in a given group is provided in brackets