Table 1.
Sociodemographic characteristics of Canadian children (2–18 years) and adults (≥19 years) as Milk & Alternatives consumers and non-consumers1
| Characteristic | CCHS 2004 | CCHS 2015 | CCHS 2004 | CCHS 2015 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Children/teens (2–18 years) | Children/teens (2–18 years) | Adults (≥19 years) | Adults (≥19 years) | |||||
| Consumers [n = 6,120,154 (94.2%3)] |
Non-consumers [n = 378,400 (5.8%)] |
Consumers [n = 5,993,085 (92.9%)] |
Non-consumers [n = 454,809 (7.1%)] |
Consumers [n = 20,499,396 (88.3%)] |
Non-consumers [n = 2,723,991 (11.7%)] |
Consumers [n = 23,387,890 (86.4%)] |
Non-consumers [n = 3,677,423 (13.6%)] |
|
| Age (y) | 10.3 ± 0.03 | 12.6 ± 0.2* | 9.7 ± 0.1 | 12.5 ± 0.4* | 46.6 ± 0.1 | 45.5 ± 0.6 | 49.5 ± 0.2 | 47.9 ± 0.7* |
| Sex (% male) | 51.3 ± 0.5 | 50.4 ± 3.2 | 50.2 ± 0.9 | 50.4 ± 4.0 | 49.2 ± 0.3 | 56.1 ± 2.0* | 45.8 ± 2.3 | 54.2 ± 2.3* |
| Ethnicity (% White) | 82.4 ± 0.6 | 72.5 ± 3.1* | 68.1 ± 1.4 | 59.5 ± 4.5 | 86.0 ± 0.6 | 73.1 ± 2.0* | 77.0 ± 1.0 | 62.3 ± 2.6 |
| Education (% university grad) | 30.9 ± 0.7 | 30.7 ± 3.3 | 44.4 ± 1.2 | 46.3 ± 4.2 | 30.5 ± 0.7 | 29.0 ± 2.0 | 38.7 ± 1.0 | 36.8 ± 2.6 |
| Smoker (% yes) | 11.0 ± 0.7 | 13.9 ± 2.4 | 3.8 ± 0.5 | 3.1 ± 1.3 | 24.2 ± 0.6 | 32.0 ± 1.9* | 9.4 ± 2.7 | 19.1 ± 0.7* |
| Marital status (% married or co-habiting) | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 65.1 ± 0.7 | 59.0 ± 1.9* | 64.2 ± 0.9 | 63.1 ± 2.4 |
| Food secure (% yes) | 84.2 ± 0.5 | 79.5 ± 2.5* | 84.3 ± 0.8 | 80.2 ± 3.6 | 88.6 ± 0.5 | 82.7 ± 1.5* | 89.1 ± 0.6 | 85.3 ± 1.7* |
| BMI (kg/m2) | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 27.1 ± 0.1 | 27.2 ± 0.3 | 27.3 ± 0.1 | 27.1 ± 0.3 |
| BMI z-score2 | 0.6 ± 0.02 | 0.5 ± 0.1 | 0.44 ± 0.0 | 0.39 ± 0.2 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Overweight/obese (% yes) | 26.4 ± 0.8 | 25.3 ± 3.5 | 25.8 ± 1.1 | 30.5 ± 4.6 | 59.7 ± 0.9 | 63.4 ± 2.9 | 62.2 ± 1.1 | 59.3 ± 2.8 |
| Urban residence (% yes) | 81.1 ± 0.7 | 82.3 ± 2.7 | 82.2 ± 1.0 | 81.6 ± 3.5 | 82.0 ± 0.7 | 85.6 ± 1.3* | 81.9 ± 0.8 | 86.5 ± 1.6* |
| Immigrant to Canada (% yes) | 6.3 ± 0.4 | 10.7 ± 1.9* | 8.6 ± 0.6 | 15.1 ± 2.9* | 22.1 ± 0.6 | 34.9 ± 2.1* | 25.7 ± 1.0 | 38.3 ± 2.6* |
1All data are weighted and bootstrapped to obtain population level estimate. * Significant differences between consumer and non-consumers at 5% level of significance. 2The BMI z-score for children 5-18 years. 3The percentages of Milk & Alternatives consumers and non-consumers in CCHS 2004 and 2015. Values are presented as mean ± SE or % ± SE. CCHS: Canadian Community Health Survey; BMI: Body Mass Index.