Figure 2.

Sub-chronic administration of daidzein was sufficient to alleviate inescapable shock- induced helpless behaviors in LH rats. (A) Inescapable shock significantly increased the number of escape failures during the shuttle-box test. Daidzein alleviated an inescapable shock-induced deficit in escape behaviors. (B) After being exposed to inescapable shock, helpless rats showed even less struggle compared with the normal group, which could be improved by the daidzein treatment. (C) The percentage of the duration spent on the open arms of the elevated plus-maze was more significantly reduced after inescapable shock in the helpless rats compared with the normal group rats, similarly, which could be ameliorated by the daidzein treatment. (D) The total distance rats moved in the open field test (OFT) was also significantly decreased in the helpless rats compared with the normal group rats, in the same way, which could be perfected by the daidzein treatment. ***p < 0.001, ^###p < 0.001, ^##p < 0.01.