Table 2.
Cytokine and chemokine plasma concentrations in Helicobacter-positive (n = 11) and Helicobacter-negative (n = 65) subjects. Data are median ± SD. Statistics are Mann–Whitney ranked sum test. Units are ng/L (see footnotes for exceptions). Significant differences are in bold.
| Cytokine/chemokine | Lower limit of quantification (LLOQ)2 | Helicobacter pylori |
P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Positive | Negative | |||
| CRP1 | 27.6 | 1.95 ±9.72 | 1.01 ±5.85 | 0.36 |
| bFGF | 2.60 | 3.27 ±4.26 | 2.29 ±12.72 | 0.44 |
| Eotaxin | 12.3 | 92.81 ± 52.11 | 70.40 ± 43.02 | 0.022 |
| Eotaxin-3 | 10.2 | 14.72 ±8.5 | 16.23 ±23.66 | 0.39 |
| Flt-1 | 10.0 | 41.66 ±9.11 | 36.29 ±12.46 | 0.44 |
| GM-CSF | 0.842 | 0.15 ±0.10 | 0.29 ±0.35 | 0.11 |
| ICAM-11 | 15.0 | 0.22 ±0.08 | 0.22 ±0.11 | 0.84 |
| IFN-γ | 1.76 | 3.44 ±3.05 | 3.98 ±4.54 | 0.50 |
| IP-10 | 1.37 | 213.6 ±962.74 | 182.10 ±367.3 | 0.79 |
| IL-1α | 2.85 | 4.67 ±4.25 | 4.77 ±6.22 | 0.72 |
| IL-1β3 | 0.646 | 0.08 ±0.05 | 0.11 ±0.59 | 0.75 |
| IL-23 | 0.890 | 0.28 ±0.18 | 0.17 ±0.58 | 0.53 |
| IL-4 | 0.218 | 0.08 ±0.07 | 0.06 ±0.46 | 0.74 |
| IL-5 | 4.41 | 0.66 ±0.64 | 0.58 ±0.55 | 0.85 |
| IL-6 | 0.633 | 0.46 ±1.03 | 0.49 ±0.65 | 0.71 |
| IL-7 | 0.546 | 5.7 ±6.52 | 2.11 ±2.08 | 0.08 |
| IL-8 | 0.591 | 5.87 ±2.11 | 2.52 ±3.08 | 0.004 |
| IL-10 | 0.298 | 0.34 ±0.30 | 0.30 ±0.83 | 0.91 |
| IL-12p70 | 1.22 | 0.30 ±16.4 | 0.27 ±0.70 | 0.74 |
| IL-12/IL-23p40 | 1.32 | 87.41 ±54.51 | 94.22 ±80.78 | 0.99 |
| IL-13 | 4.21 | 0.94 ±0.52 | 1.09 ±2.01 | 0.66 |
| IL-15 | 0.774 | 1.20 ±0.44 | 1.25 ±0.63 | 0.68 |
| IL-16 | 19.1 | 116.28 ±23.59 | 108.70 ±51.75 | 0.51 |
| IL-17A | 3.19 | 4.77 ±2.65 | 4.28 ±4.53 | 0.99 |
| MDC | 88.3 | 829.31±360.99 | 559.42 ±290.62 | 0.12 |
| MIP-1α | 13.8 | 19.95 ±6.93 | 16.15 ±7.74 | 0.11 |
| MIP-1β | 1.02 | 94.63 ±38.93 | 63.85 ±105.08 | 0.014 |
| MCP-1 | 1.09 | 61.99 ±107.01 | 39.65± 48.06 | 0.33 |
| MCP-4 | 5.13 | 81.84 ±93.43 | 56.60 ±42.09 | 0.023 |
| PIGF | 1.50 | 5.04 ±1.04 | 4.42 ±1.94 | 0.38 |
| SAA1 | 54.0 | 2.22 ±26.67 | 2.61 ±16.36 | 0.55 |
| TARC | 3.32 | 45.69 ±167.40 | 31.85 ±102.53 | 0.42 |
| TNF-α | 0.690 | 1.87 ±0.67 | 1.67 ±1.08 | 0.65 |
| TNF-β | 0.465 | 0.42 ±0.11 | 0.47 ±0.34 | 0.28 |
| Tie-2 | 396 | 850.89 ±169.84 | 816.00 ±219.69 | 0.43 |
| VCAM-11 | 37.6 | 0.22 ±0.10 | 0.28±0.14 | 0.30 |
| VEGF-A | 5.00 | 29.33±149.01 | 18.68±42.32 | 0.027 |
| VEGF-C | 146 | 110.53 ±500.44 | 56.10 ±230.04 | 0.032 |
| VEGF-D | 67.1 | 2167.99 ±1289.84 | 1833.37 ±718.70 | 0.24 |
CRP: C-reactive protein; bFGF: basic fibroblast growth factor; GM-CSF: granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; ICAM-1: intercellular adhesion molecule 1; IP, interferon inducible protein; IFN-g: interferon-gamma; IL, interleukins; Flt-1, Fms-related receptor tyrosine kinase 1; MDC: macrophage-derived chemokine; MIP: macrophage inflammatory protein; MCP: monocyte chemotactic protein; PIGF: placental growth factor; SAA: serum amyloid A; TARC: thymus activation-regulated chemokine; TNF: tumor necrosis factor; VCAM-1: vascular cell adhesion protein 1; VEGF: vascular endothelial growth factor.
Plasma concentrations (but not LLOQ [lower limit of quantification]) are mg/L due to their comparatively high concentrations.
LLOQ values are taken from product certificate of analysis and were consistent with calculations from experimental results. Plasma concentrations below LLOQ (e.g. VEGF-C) were above lower limit of detection, but must be considered unreliable.
Many samples were below detection limit, in which case no value was obtained.