Table 1.

Examples of survey improvements made following cognitive interviews

Round 1	Survey feedback	Actions taken
	Q1 (programs in place –integration)	remove the examples and simplify the question wording
	These questions are lengthy and confusing Q2 Wording unclear on multiple items	Substitute more specific, simple phrases and words
	Some wording too limiting	Substitute more flexible words
	“employees easily adapt”	“employees are open”
	“employees have time available”	“employees can have time available”
Round 2	Ambiguity of wording in some items	Make words more specific, precise, behavior oriented
	e.g. management “supports” employee efforts	e.g. management provides resources, assists, communicates, etc.
	e.g. team “include” people with expertise	e.g. subject experts assist teams with..
	e.g. there is “participatory engagement” here	e.g. a lot of workers get involved here
	Terms for workers unclear	Use manager and non-manager
	e.g. front line worker and top management Redundancy of some survey items	Consolidating some survey items
	Some line-level participants may not be in a position to know answers to some of the questions	Added “unsure” to some questions

Five interviews for each round to total 10 cognitive interviews.