Table 8.

Problematic source sentences.

Problem	Source → Target	Confounder	Source sentence
Speculation	ibuprofen →TREATS X	Benign prostatic hypertrophy	(PMID: 15947693) ’Further research must be done to investigate the potential use of ibuprofen in patients with BPH and examine if JM-27 expression in patients with BPH may stratify individuals who may be most responsive to pharmacological treatment.’
Negative evidence	ketoconazole →TREATS X	Hypercalcemia	(PMID: 11033844) ’However, deterioration of renal function during ketoconazole administration as well as failure of hypercalcemia to be affected during short-term ketoconazole treatment suggest that this drug might not be appropriate for acute treatment of hypercalcemic sarcoidosis.’
Hedging	X →CAUSES AKI	Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis / Steven’s-Johnson Syndrome	(PMID: 19155617) ’CONCLUSION: AKI, the need for dialysis, and late hypokalemia could be the consequences of SJS/TEN.’
Hedging	ketoconazole →TREATS X	Tuberculosis	(PMID: 17644711) ’Further investigation is necessary to determine the role of KTC in the treatment of TB.,’ ’17644711’
Case report	X →CAUSES AKI	Tuberculosis	(PMID: 2386602) ’A 78 year old male patient who had been treated by haemodialysis for 17 years for renal failure, secondary to tuberculosis, is reported.’

AKI = acute kidney failure.