Table 2. A. Comparison of the palatal rugae patterns {length – Primary and Secondary} in terms of {Mean (SD)} among males and females using unpaired t-test and comparison of the palatal rugae patterns {length - fragmentary} among males and females using Mann Whitney U-test.

	Gender	N	Mean	Std. Deviation	t value	P value
Primary	Male	500	8.04	1.460	5.657	<0.001**
	Female	500	7.51	1.480
Secondary	Male	500	1.28	1.242	1.135	0.257
	Female	500	1.36	1.209
	(p < 0.05 - Significant*, p < 0.001 - Highly significant**)
	Gender	N	Mean	Std. Deviation	Z value	P value
Fragmentary	Male	500	0.18	0.485	0.499	0.618
	Female	500	0.21	0.563