Table 1.
General Characteristics of the Patients
| Variable | Non-Survivor 142 | Survivor 902 | P-value | ICU 102 | Non-ICU 942 | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender (%) | ||||||
| Male | 79(55.6%) | 499(55.4%) | >0.05 | 67(65.7%) | 511(54.2%) | >0.05 |
| Female | 63(44.4%) | 403(44.6%) | 35(34.3%) | 431(45.8%) | ||
| Age, mean (SD), year | 79.95(7.52) | 79.76(7.70) | >0.05 | 79.53(7.60) | 79.81(7.68) | >0.05 |
| Leukocyte count | 12.54(6.53) | 8.92 (4.34) | <0.001 | 12.54(6.06) | 9.07(4.58) | <0.001 |
| Neutrophils count | 10.81(6.24) | 6.98 (5.03) | <0.001 | 10.90(5.82) | 7.13(5.19) | <0.001 |
| Lymphocyte count | 0.90(0.77) | 1.27 (0.74) | <0.001 | 0.89(0.67) | 1.25(0.76) | <0.001 |
| NLR | 19.45(24.04) | 7.60 (8.17) | <0.001 | 19.09(26.00) | 8.13(9.20) | <0.001 |
| CRP (ug/mL) | 124.32(87.48) | 69.09 (66.70) | <0.001 | 121.26(81.81) | 71.76(69.58) | <0.001 |
| pct (ng/mL) | 8.48(20.55) | 1.71 (7.99) | <0.001 | 9.15(21.01) | 1.93(8.82) | <0.001 |
| Albumin (g/L) | 27.73(5.01) | 33.58 (5.24) | <0.001 | 27.60(5.14) | 33.36(5.33) | <0.001 |
| Platelet count | 197.97(106.76) | 227.12(95.92) | <0.001 | 186.04 (101.85) | 227.03(96.73) | <0.001 |
| Prealbumin (mg/L) | 110.78(52.35) | 116.81(51.18) | >0.05 | 99.43(47.77) | 117.78(51.43) | <0.001 |
| BUN | 15.58(11.08) | 6.89(4.91) | <0.001 | 15.48(10.43) | 7.26(5.74) | <0.001 |
| D_dimer | 7.81(11.23) | 2.57(5.15) | <0.001 | 6.90(9.43) | 2.89(6.05) | <0.001 |
| Low-density lipoprotein (mmol/L) | 2.13(0.89) | 2.21(0.83) | >0.05 | 1.92(0.84) | 2.23(0.84) | <0.001 |
| Scores on Admission, median (IQR) | ||||||
| CURB-65 | 3(1) | 1(1) | <0.001 | 3(1) | 1(1) | <0.001 |
| qSOFA | 1(1) | 0(0) | <0.001 | 1(1) | 0(0) | <0.001 |
| MEWS | 5(3.75) | 1(1) | <0.001 | 6(4) | 1(1) | <0.001 |
| NEWS | 7(4) | 2(2) | <0.001 | 9(2) | 2(2) | <0.001 |
| Comorbidities No.(%) | ||||||
| Hypertension | 66(46.5%) | 360(39.9%) | >0.05 | 38(37.3%) | 388(41.2%) | >0.05 |
| Coronary heart disease | 22(15.5%) | 178(19.78%) | >0.05 | 19(18.6%) | 181(19.2%) | >0.05 |
| Diabetes | 25(17.6%) | 197(21.8%) | >0.05 | 20(19.6%) | 202(21.4%) | >0.05 |
| Congestive heart failure | 21(14.8%) | 134(14.9%) | >0.05 | 13(12.7%) | 142(15.1%) | >0.05 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 38(26.7%) | 222(24.6%) | >0.05 | 26(25.5%) | 234(24.8%) | >0.05 |
| Electrolyte disturbance | 27(19%) | 187(20.7%) | >0.05 | 27(26.5%) | 187(19.9%) | >0.05 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 12(8.5%) | 73(8.1%) | >0.05 | 14(13.7%) | 71(7.5%) | >0.05 |
| Cancer | 11(7.7%) | 52(5.8%) | >0.05 | 2(2.0%) | 61(6.5%) | >0.05 |
Abbreviations: ICU, intensive care unit; NLR, neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio; CRP, c-reactive protein; pct, procalcitonin; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; CURB-65, confusion, urea, respiratory rate, blood pressure, and age ≥65years; qSOFA, quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment; MEWS, Modified Early Warning Score; NEWS, National Early Warning Score.