TABLE 1.
Characteristics of trials included in the IPD analysis1
| Child SQ-LNS supplementation | Participants with data available,2n | Prevalence of deficiency in the control group at endline, % | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Country, years of study, study name, trial design, references3 | Age at start | Duration | Maternal SQ-LNS supplement | Endline assessment | Hb subsample | MN subsample | Anemia (Hb < 110 g/L) | Iron deficiency (ferritin < 12 µg/L) |
| Bangladesh, 2012–2014, JiVitA-4, cluster RCT, longitudinal follow-up, Christian et al. (35) and Campbell et al. (15) | 6 mo | 12 mo | N | 4568 | 603 | 600 | 15.8 | 22.2 |
| Bangladesh, 2011–2015, RDNS, cluster RCT, longitudinal follow-up, Dewey et al. (36) and Matias et al. (10) | 6 mo | 18 mo | Y/N | 2567 | 821 | 822 | 41.9 | 22.1 |
| Bangladesh, 2012–2015, WASH-Benefits, cluster RCT, cross-sectional surveys, Luby et al. (37) and Stewart et al. (12) | 6 mo | 18 mo | N | 4824 | 420 | 390 | 16.1 | 35.4 |
| Burkina Faso, 2010–2012, iLiNS-ZINC, cluster RCT, longitudinal follow-up, Hess et al. (38) and Abbeddou et al. (11) | 9 mo | 9 mo | N | 2647 | 2621 | 456 | 91.1 | 58.5 |
| Burkina Faso, 2015–2017, PROMIS, cluster RCT, cross-sectional surveys, Becquey et al. (39) | 6 mo | 12 mo | N | 1157 | 1155 | 0 | 70.1 | — |
| Ghana, 2004–2005, RCT, longitudinal follow-up, Adu-Afarwuah et al. (40, 9) | 6 mo | 6 mo | N | 194 | 194 | 167 | 58.3 | 56.1 |
| Ghana, 2009–2014, iLiNS-DYAD-G, RCT, longitudinal follow-up, Adu-Afarwuah et al. (41, 16) | 6 mo | 12 mo | Y | 1113 | 989 | 304 | 44.9 | — |
| Kenya, 2012–2016, WASH-Benefits, cluster RCT, cross-sectional surveys, Null et al. (42) and Stewart et al. (12) | 6 mo | 18 mo | N | 6815 | 650 | 631 | 47.3 | 59.1 |
| Madagascar, 2014–2016, MAHAY, cluster RCT, longitudinal follow-up, Galasso et al. (43) and Stewart et al. (13) | 6–11 mo | 6–12 mo | Y/N | 3438 | 1188 | 134 | 64.8 | 51.0 |
| Malawi, 2011–2014, iLiNS-DYAD-M, RCT, longitudinal follow-up, Ashorn et al. (44) | 6 mo | 12 mo | Y | 675 | 642 | 582 | 51.9 | — |
| Malawi, 2009–2012, iLiNS-DOSE, RCT, longitudinal follow-up, Maleta et al. (45)4 | 6 mo | 12 mo | N | 1018 | 325 | 268 | 72.0 | — |
| Mali, 2015–2017, PROMIS, cluster RCT, cross-sectional surveys, Huybregts et al. (46) | 6 mo | 18 mo | N | 1927 | 1923 | 0 | 86.2 | — |
| Zimbabwe, 2013–2017, SHINE,5 cluster RCT, longitudinal follow-up, Humphrey et al. (47) and Prendergast (48) | 6 mo | 12 mo | N | 4347 | 3867 | 0 | 35.36 | — |
Hb, hemoglobin; IPD, individual participant data; MN, micronutrient; RCT, randomized controlled trial; SQ-LNS, small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplement.
Endline assessment (n) includes the number of children for whom any data were available for ≥1 outcome included in the IPD analyses (growth, development, and/or biochemical). MN subsample includes the number of children for whom any data were available for ≥1 MN status outcome, plus C-reactive protein and/or α-1-acid glycoprotein such that values could be adjusted for inflammation. A total of 263 children in the MN subsample did not have data available for Hb. Data on the baseline status of outcome variables were available for 5 of 13 trials (36, 38, 41, 44, 45).
The first citations refer to the main publication for each trial. The second citations refer to an additional publication specific to hematological and micronutrient status outcomes.
Trial is cited as Kumwenda 2014 in Das et al. (7).
Trial was designed a priori to present results separately for HIV-exposed and -unexposed children; thus considered as 2 comparisons in all analyses and the presentation of results.
Data are for the HIV-unexposed cohort only. The prevalence of anemia in the HIV-exposed cohort was 36.8%.