FIGURE 3.

Apoptosis, attachment, migration and inflammatory genes expression. (A‐C) ELANE cells showed significant increases in cell apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation. (D‐F) ELANE cells had delayed cell stages. (G‐K) The mRNA expression of TNF‐α and TGF‐ß1 was significantly increased, while NF‐kB1, IL‐6 and IL‐8 were significantly decreased in ELANE cells compared with controls. A significant difference between ELANE cells and controls: *p < 0.05; **p < 0.005; ***p < 0.0005. Cont, Control