Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of patients.
| Patient/case no. | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | |
| Age (years) | 56 | 33 | 48 | 54 | 43 | 56 | 62 | 67 | 61 | 38 |
| Sex | Female | Male | Male | Male | Male | Male | Male | Female | Male | Male |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 21.2 | 27.2 | 21.7 | 27.3 | 26.3 | 25.5 | 19.7 | 21.5 | 25.0 | 27.7 |
| ECOG PS score | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Child–Pugh grade | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A |
| Cirrhosis/without cirrhosis | Cirrhosis | Cirrhosis | Cirrhosis | Cirrhosis | Cirrhosis | Cirrhosis | Cirrhosis | Cirrhosis | Cirrhosis | Cirrhosis |
| Largest tumor diameter (mm) | 169.1 | 125.8 | 122.9 | 103.4 | 139.7 | 72.4 | 88.5 | 36.2 | 163.4 | 85.4 |
| Tumor number | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| BCLC stage | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C |
| Macrovascular invasion a | VP4 | VP4 | VP2/IVC | VP4 | VP4 | VP3 | VP3 | VP4 | VP4 | VP4/LHV |
| Etiology | HBV | HBV | HBV | HBV | HBV/NAFLD | HBV | HBV | HCV | HBV | HBV |
| Prior therapy | – | – | – | – | – | TACE | – | – | – | – |
| AFP (ng/ml) | 1,552.3 | 1,534 | 6,951 | 14.6 | >60500 | 10.8 | 846.4 | 3.4 | >60500 | 216.7 |
| Liver biopsy | – | HCC | – | – | – | HCC | HCC | HCC | HCC | HCC |
| PD-1 category | PEM | PEM | PEM | TRI | PEM | PEM | PEM | PEM | SIN | TRI |
| TKI category | LEN | LEN | LEN | APA | LEN | LEN | LEN | LEN | LEN | LEN |
| Treatment cycles b | 10 | 4 | 6 | 6 | 4 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 6 |
| mRECIST | PR | PR | PR | PR | PR | CR | PR | PR | CR | CR |
| RECIST 1.1 | PR | PR | PR | PR | PR | PR | PR | SD | PR | PR |
AFP, alpha fetoprotein; APA, apatinib; BCLC, Barcelona clinic liver cancer; BMI, body mass index; CR, complete response; ECOG PS, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status; HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; HCV, hepatitis C virus; IVC, inferior vena cava; LEN, lenvatinib; LHV, left hepatic vein; mRECIST, modified respond evaluation criteria solid tumors; NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; PEM, pembrolizumab; PR, partial response; RECIST 1.1, response evaluation criteria in solid tumors version 1.1; SIN, sintilimab; TACE, transcatheter arterial chemoembolization; TKI, tyrosine kinase inhibitor; TRI, toripalimab.
Macrovascular invasion was measured in the portal vein, inferior vena cava, and hepatic vein. Portal vein invasion grade was evaluated according to the Japanese VP classification.
Treatment cycles were the period between the first treatment cycle of PD-1 inhibitor to the last cycle before the surgery or to the last evaluation.