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. 2021 Nov 1;11:21395. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-00512-2

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Hierarchical organization of intrinsic timescales of cortical and subcortical structures. Left Panel: Intrinsic timescales of nine cortical areas reported by⁴ in light gray, by²⁰ in medium gray, and by^6,21 in dark gray. The seven areas on the left (MT, LIP, PMd, LPFC, OFC, FP, and ACC) are part of the visual and prefrontal cortices. The two areas on the right are part of the somatosensory cortex (S1, S2). Each circle represents the average τ for each cortical area reported in each study. Each bar represents the average τ among the studies. Right Panel: Same representation for the three subcortical structures (GPe, STN, and striatum) analyzed in the present study. ACC, anterior cingulate cortex; FP, frontopolar cortex; GPe, external globus pallidus; LIP, lateral intraparietal cortex; LPFC, lateral prefrontal cortex; MT, medio-temporal area (of visual cortex); OFC, orbitofrontal cortex; PMd, dorsal premotor cortex; S1, primary somatosensory cortex; S2, secondary somatosensory cortex; STN, subthalamic nucleus.