Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of enrolled patients after endoscopic submucosal dissection with curative resection.
| Total (n = 698) |
No recurrence (n = 647) |
Recurrence (n = 51) |
P-value* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean ± SD, years | 61.8 ± 10.0 | 61.5 ± 10.1 | 66.0 ± 8.7 | < 0.01 |
| Sex, n (%) | 0.01 | |||
| Male | 498 (71.3) | 454 (70.2) | 44 (86.3) | |
| Female | 200 (28.7) | 193 (29.8) | 7 (13.7) | |
| Location, n (%) | 0.60 | |||
| Upper third | 28 (4.0) | 27 (4.2) | 1 (2.0) | |
| Middle third | 256 (36.7) | 239 (36.9) | 17 (33.3) | |
| Lower third | 414 (59.3) | 381 (58.9) | 33 (64.7) | |
| Lesion diameter | ||||
| Mean ± SD, mm | 17.9 ± 8.3 | 17.8 ± 8.3 | 19.4 ± 8.5 | 0.17 |
| ≤ 10 mm, n (%) | 150 (21.5) | 143 (22.1) | 7 (13.7) | |
| 11–20 mm, n (%) | 365 (52.3) | 338 (52.2) | 27 (52.9) | |
| 21–30 mm, n (%) | 137 (19.6) | 125 (19.3) | 12 (23.5) | |
| > 30 mm, n (%) | 46 (6.6) | 41 (6.3) | 5 (9.8) | |
| Gross morphology type, n (%) | 0.20 | |||
| Elevated/flat | 669 (95.8) | 618 (9.5) | 51 (100.0) | |
| Depressed | 29 (4.2) | 29 (4.5) | ||
| Number of lesion, n (%) | ||||
| Single | 634 (90.8) | 592 (91.5) | 42 (82.4) | 0.04** |
| Multiple | 64 (9.2) | 55 (8.5) | 9 (17.6) | |
| Atrophy gastritis, n (%) | 500 (71.6) | 454 (70.2) | 46 (90.2) | < 0.01 |
| Antrum | 180 (36.0) | 171 (37.7) | 9 (19.6) | |
| Expanded to the lesser curvature of the body | 269 (53.8) | 240 (52.9) | 29 (63.0) | |
| Entire stomach | 51 (10.2) | 43 (9.4) | 8 (17.4) | |
| Intestinal metaplasia, n (%) | 534 (76.5) | 489 (75.6) | 45 (88.2) | 0.04 |
| Helicobacter pylori infection, n (%) | 0.95 | |||
| Current | 203 (29.1) | 188 (29.1) | 15 (29.4) | |
| Previous (including eradicated) | 167 (23.9) | 154 (23.8) | 13 (25.5) | |
| None | 328 (47.0) | 301 (46.5) | 23 (45.1) | |
| Specimen area − lesion areaa, mean ± SD, mm2 | 2.4 ± 1.4 | 2.4 ± 1.3 | 2.7 ± 1.6 | 0.19 |
| Total procedure time | 50.8 ± 32.7 | 51.2 ± 33.3 | 46.2 ± 24.6 | 0.30 |
| Fibrosis during ESD, n (%) | 131 (18.8) | 127 (19.6) | 4 (7.8) | 0.04 |
| Presence of ulceration at 1st follow-up, n (%) | 17 (2.4) | 16 (2.5) | 1 (2.0) | 0.82 |
| Scar morphology at 1st follow-upb, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||
| Flat scar | 642 (92.0) | 602 (93.0) | 40 (78.4) | |
| Protruded scar | 56 (8.0) | 45 (7.0) | 11 (21.6) | |
| Discrepancy, n (%) | 0.85 | |||
| Downgrade and concordant | 647 (92.8) | 600 (92.9) | 47 (92.2) | |
| Upgrade | 50 (7.2) | 46 (7.1) | 4 (7.8) |
ESD, endoscopic submucosal dissection; n, number; NA, not applicable; SD, standard deviation.
*Non-recurrence vs. recurrence.
**Fisher’s exact test was applied.
a(Area of the specimen − area of the lesion)/1000.
bIf ulceration was observed at the first follow-up, scar morphology was evaluated according to endoscopy at the 6-month follow-up.