Table 3.
Patient recollection of medication changes during clinical visits with providers participating in a pharmacogenomics implementation program by self-reported race and educational attainment.
| Race | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| White | Black | ||||||
| Total1 | HS or less/ some college | College graduate/ advanced degree | Total2 | HS or less/ some college | College graduate/ advanced degree | ||
| Survey measure/question | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | P-valuea |
| Did your healthcare provider stop or change one of your medications today, or start a new medication? | |||||||
| Yes | 237 (31) | 61 (31) | 176 (31) | 87 (33) | 41 (28) | 46 (40) | |
| No | 532 (69) | 136 (69) | 396 (69) | 170 (65) | 101 (70) | 68 (59) | 0.273 |
| Unsure | 5 (1) | 1 (1) | 4 (1) | 4 (2) | 2 (1) | 2 (2) | |
| N | 774 | 198 | 576 | 261 | 144 | 116 | |
| If yes to Did your healthcare provider stop or change one of your medications today, or start a new medication… | |||||||
| Did your healthcare provider discuss specific factors about you or your personal makeup which would suggest that you were more likely or less likely than other patients to benefit from the medication change or new medication? | |||||||
| Yes | 128 (59) | 43 (75) | 85 (53) | 43 (49) | 18 (46) | 25 (52) | |
| No | 77 (35) | 12 (21) | 65 (41) | 29 (33) | 12 (31) | 17 (35) | 0.005** |
| Unsure | 12 (6) | 2 (4) | 10 (6) | 15 (17) | 9 (23) | 6 (13) | |
| N | 217 | 57 | 160 | 87 | 39 | 48 | |
| If yes, who initiated the discussion about individual factors regarding you and your response to the medication change or new medication? | |||||||
| I was the one who asked about individual factors | 20 (15) | 7 (16) | 13 (15) | 2 (4) | 0 (0) | 2 (7) | |
| My healthcare provider was the one who brought up individual factors | 88 (67) | 34 (76) | 54 (63) | 42 (86) | 18 (86) | 24 (86) | 0.037* |
| Unsure | 23 (18) | 4 (9) | 19 (22) | 5 (10) | 3 (14) | 2 (7) | |
| N | 131 | 45 | 86 | 49 | 21 | 28 | |
N values reflect the number of surveys returned from each self-reported racial group regarding clinical visits, not individual/unique patients. Survey responses of patients with “Unknown” educational level are not shown. Percent values may not sum to 100% due to rounding effects. aPearson chi-squared tests comparing 1total sample of self-reported White respondents and 2total sample of self-reported Black respondents. *P ≤ 0.05, **P ≤ 0.01, ***P ≤ 0.001.