Table 1.
Select dosimetric analyses of proton beam therapy versus intensity modulated radiation therapy for esophageal cancer.
| Author | Rx dose/Fx | PBT technique | PBT beam arrangement | Heart mean (Gy) | Heart V30 | Lung mean (Gy) | Lung V20 | Liver mean (Gy) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PBT | IMRT | Rel. Δ | PBT | IMRT | Rel. Δ | PBT | IMRT | Rel. Δ | PBT | IMRT | Rel. Δ | PBT | IMRT | Rel. Δ | ||||
| Zhang et al. (5) | 50.4/28 | PS | AP/PA 3F |
– | – | – | – | – | – | 4.5 6.6 |
9.6 | −53.1% −31.3% |
9.7% 10.6% |
15.6% | −37.8% −32.1% |
– | – | – |
| Welsh et al. (6) | 65.8/28 | PBS | AP/PA LPO/RPO AP/LPO/RPO |
19.9 11.9 17 |
21.2 | −6.1% −43.9% −19.8% |
23% 17% 20% |
25% | −8% −32% −20% |
3.2 4.9 4.3 |
8.3 | −61.4% −41.0% −48.2% |
7% 11% 7% |
14% | −50.0% −21.4% −50.0% |
4.9 5.0 5.4 |
14.9 | −67.1% −66.4% −63.8% |
| Ling et al. (7) | 50.4/28 | PS | LAT/LPO | 12.6 | 28.5 | −55.8% | 20.9% | 42.3% | −50.6% | 6.0 | 9.5 | −36.8% | 15.3% | 16.2% | −5.6% | 3.6 | 18.1 | −80.1% |
| Wang et al. (8) | 50.4/28 | PS | various | 13.0 | 19.2 | −32.3% | 21.2% | 23.7% | −10.5% | 6.3 | 9.3 | −32.3% | 21.7% | 31.4% | −30.9% | 3.7 | 12.4 | −70.2% |
| Shiraishi et al. (9) | 50.4/28 | PS, PBS | AP/PA; others | 13.3 | 23.7 | −43.9% | 21.5% | 32.3% | −33.4% | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Liu et al. (10) | 50.4/28 | PBS | 2-4 beams | 7.6 | 21.9 | −65.3% | 11.5% | 18.5% | −37.8% | 3.7 | 8.6 | −57.0% | 8.6% | 10.3% | −16.5% | 2.6 | 15.3 | −83.0% |
| Makishima et al. (11) | 60/30 | PS | AP/PA | – | – | – | 21.5% | 63.3% | −66.0% | 5.7 | 9.3 | −38.7% | 12.5% | 19.4% | −35.6% | – | – | – |
| Warren et al. (12) | 50-62.5/28 | PBS | AP/LPO/RPO | 12.7 | 21.2 | −40.1% | – | – | – | 6.3 | 13.6 | −53.7% | 6.6% | 15.6% | −57.7% | – | – | – |
| Xi et al. (13) | 50.4/28 | PS, PBS | PA/LPO | 11.6 | 19.9 | −41.7% | 18.9% | 24.4% | −22.5% | 6.5 | 10 | −35.0% | 11.3% | 18.4% | −38.6% | – | – | – |
| Hirano et al. (14) | 60/30 | PBS | – | 11.7 | 9.4 | +24.5% | 22.0% | 50.7% | −56.6% | 5.8 | 9.4 | −38.3% | 11.7% | 17.8% | −34.3% | – | – | – |
| Macomber et al. (15) | 50.4/28 | US, PBS | – | 9.6 | 25.8 | −62.8% | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Celik et al. (16) | 41.4/23 | PBS | LPO/RPO AP/LPO/RPO |
3.7 4.0 |
9.9 | −62.6% −59.6% |
4.9% 4.9% |
5.9% | −16.9% −16.9% |
3.2 2.9 |
8.6 | −62.8% −66.3% |
6.9% 5.9% |
10.5% | −34.3% −43.8% |
– | – | – |
Rx, prescription; PBT, proton beam therapy; PBS, pencil beam scanning; PS, passive scattering; US, uniform scanning; Rel., relative; AP/PA, anteroposterior/posteroanterior; 3F, 3 field; LPO, left posterior oblique; RPO, right posterior oblique; LAT, lateral; Gy, Gray.