. 2021 Oct 19;12:748397. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.748397

Table 1.

Correlation modeling of plasma cytokine levels with 100 significantly changing microbial species in geriatric animals compared to young adult.

Species	Spearman r	P-value	Cytokine
Streptococcus equi	0.7665	0.0323	CRP
	0.7785	0.0295	IL6
	0.7758	0.0292	IL10
Streptococcus sp. I-P16	0.8073	0.0208	CRP
	0.7470	0.0411	IL6
	0.7927	0.0246	IL10
Filifactor alocis	0.7904	0.0251	IFN-γ
Filifactor alocis	0.8110	0.0072	IL6
Staphylococcus pasteuri	0.7805	0.0292	IFN-γ
	0.9456	0.0016	IL6
	0.7914	0.0270	IL10
Streptococcus pneumoniae	0.7425	0.0422	IFN-γ
	0.8333	0.0154	IL6
	0.9157	0.0036	IL10
Exiguobacterium sp. AT1b	0.7952	0.0236	IFN-γ
Exiguobacterium sp. AT1b	0.7665	0.0325	IL6
Streptococcus parasanguinis	0.7545	0.0382	IFN-γ
Streptococcus agalactiae	0.9334	0.0020	IFN-γ
	0.9639	0.0008	IL6
	0.8415	0.0133	IL10
Streptococcus mutans	0.7306	0.0485	IL2
	0.7545	0.0382	IFN-γ
	0.8095	0.0218	IL6
Dactylococcopsis salina	-0.8072	0.0205	IL2
	-0.9461	0.0011	TNFa
	0.8434	0.0131	IL6
Natrinema pellirubrum	0.8729	0.0286	IL6
Natrinema pellirubrum	0.8835	0.0286	IL10
Streptococcus salivarius	0.8333	0.0154	IL6
Streptococcus salivarius	0.7591	0.0355	IL10
Enterococcus faecium	0.8095	0.0218	IL6
Enterococcus faecium	0.8073	0.0216	IL10
Listeria welshimeri	0.8193	0.0175	IL6
Listeria welshimeri	0.9268	0.0022	IL10
Streptococcus cristatus	0.8024	0.0211	IL6
Isosphaera pallida	0.7365	0.0458	IL8
Streptococcus mitis	-0.7350	0.0448	IL8
Streptococcus pyogenes	-0.8095	0.0218	IL8
Methanobrevibacter sp. AbM4	-0.8095	0.0218	IL8
Geobacillus sp. C56-T3	0.8049	0.0216	IL10
Chlorobium phaeobacteroides	-0.8796	0.0069	IL10
Carnobacterium inhiben	-0.8434	0.0119	Neopterin
Aromatoleum aromaticum	0.8095	0.0218	Neopterin
Bacillus anthracis	0.7904	0.0251	Neopterin
Listeria ivanovii	0.7832	0.0260	TNFa
Prevotella intermedia	0.8333	0.0154	TNFa
Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique	-0.8932	0.0042	IFN-γ
Nitratifractor salsuginis	-0.8193	0.0172	IFN-γ
Desulfosporosinus orientis	-0.747	0.0409	CRP
Streptococcus dysgalactiae	0.9048	0.0046	CRP
Methanobacterium sp. MB1	0.8024	0.0211	CRP
Streptococcus thermophilus	0.7904	0.0248	CRP
Streptococcus lutetiensis	0.7619	0.0368	CRP
Streptococcus infantarius	0.8095	0.0218	CRP
Streptococcus gallolyticus	0.8571	0.0107	CRP

Many bacterial species strongly correlate, both positively (grey) and negatively (light blue) with more than one cytokine and more species show significant association with single cytokines only. For this, Spearman r correlation matrix (presuming a non-gaussian distribution) with 95% confidence interval was used. A simple two-tailed Mann-Whitney U test was performed for significance for this correlation matrix.