Skip to main content
. 2021 Oct 11;2(10):100408. doi: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100408

Table 1.

Subject characterization

Subject characterization Winter swimmers (n = 7) Control group (n = 8) p
Age (years) 25 (2.5) 23.6 (2.0) 0.25
Weight (kg) 76.7 78.9 0.55
Physical training/week (h) 7 6 0.32
Vegetarian (n) 1 1
BMI (kg/m2) 23.7 (4.8) 23.3 (1.8) 0.87
VO2max (mL O2/kg/min) 53.1 (4.8) 51.2 (6.0) 0.50
Fasting plasma insulin (pmol/L) 37 (15.5) 33 (11.4) 0.60
Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L) 4.6 (0.3) 4.5 (0.5) 0.58
Total cholesterol (mmol/L) 4.3 (0.9) 4.0 (0.4) 0.48
HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) 1.5 (0.4) 1.4 (0.2) 0.53
LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) 2.7 (0.9) 2.5 (0.5) 0.57
Tissue fat (%) 12.0 (4.6) 18.2 (4.3) 0.01
Gynoid fat (%) 16.6 (6.1) 23.3 (5.4) 0.03
Android fat (%) 16.8 (8.7) 23.3 (6.9) 0.12
Resting energy expenditure thermal comfort state (kcal/24 h) 2,038 (96.0) 2,005 (209.6) 0.69
Resting energy expenditure during 30 min cooling (kcal/24 h) 3,044 (337.2) 2,560 (348.1) 0.01

Winter swimming

Winter-swimming seasons in total 1.8 (0.9)
Total swims last month 10.6 (3.3)
Swims/week the last month before experiments 2.6 (0.1)
Number of immersions/visit 2.6 (0.8)
Time in water/immersion (min) 1.4 (2.6)
Sauna users (yes/no) (7/1)
Number of sauna visits/visit 2
Time in sauna/visit (min) 11.1 (14.3)
Total time immersed in cold water/week (min) 11
Total time in sauna heat/week (min) 57

HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein. Data are given as mean with the standard deviation (SD) in brackets. Differences between groups are evaluated using Student’s unpaired t test. See also Table S1.