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. 2021 Nov 1;4(11):e2132131. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.32131

Table 1. Descriptive Characteristics for Analytic Sample at the Prebaseline Wave.

Characteristic Dataa
Sex
Female 1250 (55.2)
Male 1013 (44.8)
Age, mean (SD), y 16.5 (0.4)
Race and ethnicity
Asian 444 (19.6)
Black 89 (3.9)
Hispanic/Latinx 1001 (44.2)
Non-Hispanic/Latinx White 375 (16.6)
Otherb 354 (15.6)
Free or reduced-cost lunch
Not eligible 1148 (53.6)
Eligible 992 (46.4)
Cyberbullying
Not bullied 1896 (88.7)
Bullied 242 (11.3)
Subjective social status at school, mean (SD) scorec 6.8 (1.8)
Delinquent behavior, mean (SD) scored 13.8 (4.4)
ADHD symptoms, mean (SD) scoree 11.0 (9.7)
Past 6-mo alcohol use
No 1639 (73.7)
Yes 584 (26.3)
Past 6-mo nicotine, cannabis, and/or illicit drug use
No 1716 (76.9)
Yes 514 (23.0)

Abbreviation: ADHD, attention-deficit/hyperactivity.

a

Unless otherwise indicated, data are expressed as number (%) of students. Percentages have been rounded and may not total 100. Descriptive statistics are based on available data and numbers may total less than the 2263 students included in the analysis.

b

Includes American Indian or Alaska Native, Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander, multiracial, and other race or ethnicity.

c

Measured with the MacArthur Scale of Subjective Social Status (range, 1-10, with higher scores indicating greater perceived status).

d

Measured with a scale assessing the frequency of 11 behaviors (eg, lying to parents, skipping school) in the past 6 months (range, 6-66; higher scores indicate engaging in delinquent behaviors).

e

Measured with the 18-item Current Symptoms Self-report Form; each item is scored from 0 to 3, and a total score is obtained by summing the items (range, 0-54, with higher scores indicating a higher frequency of experiencing symptoms of ADHD).