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. 2021 Sep 17;181(11):1–8. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2021.5345

Figure 3. Monthly Incidence of Peripheral Venous Catheter (PVC)–Associated Bloodstream Infections (BSIs) During the 3 Study Periods.

Figure 3.

The PVCs were routinely replaced every 96 hours until March 31, 2018 (baseline period). Between April 1, 2018, and October 15, 2019, the PVCs were replaced only if clinically indicated (intervention period, highlighted in gray). From October 16, 2019, the PVCs were again routinely replaced every 96 hours (reversion period). Circles indicate the monthly incidence density of PIVC-associated BSIs per 10 000 catheter-days; the solid orange line indicates the plot of the values (of PVC-associated BSIs per 10 000 catheter-days) predicted by the Poisson regression model; the dashed orange line indicates the predicted trend under counterfactual scenario (ie, if the intervention had never been implemented).