Table 2.

Binary logistic regression models for the contribution of musculoskeletal factors to frailty for men. Data presented as odds ratio (OR, 95% confidence interval (CI))

Exposures	OR (95% CI)	AUROC	P-value
Femoral neck BMD
Unadjusted	0.99 (0.70–1.40)	0.52	0.96
Ultrasound SOS
Unadjusted	0.90 (0.74–1.10)	0.58	0.29
Ultrasound BUA
Unadjusted	0.82 (0.62–1.08)	0.55	0.16
Ultrasound SI
Unadjusted	0.73 (0.54–1.00)	0.57	0.05
Adjusted- age, BMI	0.73 (0.53–1.01)	0.71	0.06
Final Model	*	*	*
ALMI
Unadjusted	0.60 (0.44–0.81)	0.65	< 0.01
Adjusted- age, fat mass index	0.50 (0.36–0.70)	0.75	< 0.01
Final Model 1- age, fat mass index, SES	0.50 (0.35–0.70)	0.77	< 0.01
Final model 2-age, fracture, SES, fat mass index	0.48 (0.34–0.68)	0.77	< 0.01
HGS
Unadjusted	0.12 (0.07–0.23)	0.83	< 0.01
Adjusted- age, height	0.12 (0.06–0.23)	0.84	< 0.01
Final Model- age, height, SES	0.11 (0.06–0.22)	0.85	< 0.01

*Final model same as adjusted model

AUROC area under the receiver operational characteristic curve, BMD bone mineral density, BUA broad-band ultrasound attenuation, SOS speed of sound, SI stiffness index, ALMI appendicular lean mass index, HGS handgrip strength