Table 3.
Tertiles of dietary BCAAs in relation to HbA1c according to the genetic risk score in thirds of nested case-control participants
| GRS | Dietary BCAAs(mg/g protein) | Effect size | P for trend | P for interaction | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 | T2 | T3 | ||||
| Total BCAAs | 0.038 | |||||
| < 4 (n = 424) | 5.90(0.76) | 5.82(1.11) | 6.09(1.14) | 0.10(0.076) | 0.18 | |
| ≥ 4 (n = 444) | 5.68(1.06) | 6.01(0.74)* | 6.13(1.27)* | 0.21(0.071) | 0.003 | |
| Isoleucine | 0.041 | |||||
| < 4 (n = 424) | 5.89(0.76) | 5.82(1.11) | 6.10(1.14) | 0.10(0.076) | 0.13 | |
| ≥ 4 (n = 444) | 5.68(1.06) | 6.02(0.75)* | 6.13(1.27)* | 0.21(0.072) | 0.003 | |
| Leucine | 0.050 | |||||
| < 4 (n = 424) | 5.88(0.76) | 5.83(1.11) | 6.09(1.14) | 0.10(0.075) | 0.19 | |
| ≥ 4 (n = 444) | 5.68(1.07) | 6.01(0.74)* | 6.13(1.27)* | 0.21(0.071) | 0.003 | |
| Valine | 0.114 | |||||
| < 4 (n = 424) | 5.90(0.76) | 5.83(1.10) | 6.08(1.14) | 0.11(0.077) | 0.15 | |
| ≥ 4 (n = 444) | 5.73(0.98) | 5.96(0.86) | 6.13(1.27)* | 0.19(0.072) | 0.020 | |
General linear model was used for estimation of mean (SD) for HbA1c (%) and linear regression model for β coefficient (SE)
BCAAs, branched chain amino acids; GRS, genetic risk score
Results were adjusted for age, sex, BMI, waist circumference, current drinkers, current smokers, physical activity, diabetes treatment, cardiovascular disease, fruit intakes, poultry intakes, and total energy intakes
∗Comparing to the lowest dietary intake group, P < 0.05