Table 2.
Comparison of the distance between BPSs and ALVs in both the control group and spondylolisthesis group
| Lumbar | TSA | Type | Left Number (%) | Right Number (%) | P1 | Left DAVC-ALV (cm) | Right DAVC-ALV (cm) | P2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control group | ||||||||
| L4 | 5 | N | 58 (54.2%) | 2 (1.9%) | ||||
| ≥ | 39 (36.4%) | 14 (13.1%) | 0.000 | 0.99 ± 0.13 | 0.57 ± 0.03 | 0.000 | ||
| < | 10 (9.3%) | 91 (85%) | 0.33 ± 0.07 | 0.28 ± 0.07 | 0.013 | |||
| L4 | 10 | N | 16 (15%) | 4 (3.7%) | ||||
| ≥ | 60 (56.1%) | 24 (22.4%) | 0.000 | 0.78 ± 0.08 | 0.66 ± 0.07 | 0.000 | ||
| < | 31 (29%) | 79 (73.8%) | 0.31 ± 0.04 | 0.16 ± 0.06 | 0.000 | |||
| L5 | 10 | N | 8 (7.5%) | 11 (10.3%) | ||||
| ≥ | 18 (16.8%) | 17 (15.9%) | 0.768 | 0.7 ± 0.05 | 0.58 ± 0.03 | 0.000 | ||
| < | 81 (75.7%) | 79 (73.8%) | 0.11 ± 0.04 | 0.07 ± 0.06 | 0.000 | |||
| L5 | 15 | N | 5 (4.7%) | 15 (14%) | ||||
| ≥ | 4 (3.7%) | 4 (3.7%) | 0.063 | 0.68 ± 0.03 | 0.61 ± 0.029 | 0.073 | ||
| < | 98 (91.6%) | 88 (82.2%) | 0.12 ± 0.05 | 0.12 ± 0.05 | 0.749 | |||
| S1 | 0 | N | 21 (19.6%) | 20 (18.7%) | ||||
| ≥ | 62 (57.9%) | 65 (60.7%) | 0.913 | 0.95 ± 0.22 | 0.75 ± 0.07 | 0.000 | ||
| < | 24 (22.4%) | 22 (20.6%) | 0.21 ± 0.1 | 0.31 ± 0.07 | 0.000 | |||
| S1 | 5 | N | 18 (16.8%) | 29 (27.1%) | ||||
| ≥ | 11 (10.3%) | 46 (43%) | 0.000 | 1.04 ± 0.1 | 0.79 ± 0.11 | 0.000 | ||
| < | 78 (72.9%) | 32 (29.9%) | 0.26 ± 0.08 | 0.24 ± 0.06 | 0.353 | |||
| S1 | 10 | N | 40 (37.4%) | 87 (81.3%) | ||||
| ≥ | 11 (10.3%) | 1 (0.9%) | 0.000 | 1.03 ± 0.09 | 0.5 | 0.000 | ||
| < | 56 (52.3) | 19 (17.8%) | 0.18 ± 0.09 | 0.39 ± 0.04 | 0.000 | |||
| L4 spondylolisthesis group | ||||||||
| L4 | 5 | N | 42 (80.8%) | 12 (23.1%) | ||||
| ≥ | 8 (15.4%) | 19 (36.5%) | 0.000 | 1.24 ± 0.05 | 0.73 ± 0.06 | 0.000 | ||
| < | 2 (3.8%) | 21 (40.4%) | 0.39 ± 0.03 | 0.42 ± 0.04 | 0.365 | |||
| L4 | 10 | N | 17 (32.7%) | 8 (15.4%) | ||||
| ≥ | 27 (51.9%) | 19 (36.5%) | 0.001 | 0.88 ± 0.1 | 0.78 ± 0.06 | 0.000 | ||
| < | 8 (15.4%) | 25 (48.1%) | 0.43 ± 0.04 | 0.39 ± 0.04 | 0.021 | |||
| L5 | 10 | N | 8 (15.4%) | 12 (23.1%) | ||||
| ≥ | 16 (30.8%) | 16 (30.8%) | 0.575 | 0.76 ± 0.05 | 0.75 ± 0.07 | 0.742 | ||
| < | 28 (53.8%) | 24 (46.2%) | 0.2 ± 0.05 | 0.15 ± 0.05 | 0.001 | |||
| L5 | 15 | N | 9 (17.3%) | 15 (28.8%) | ||||
| ≥ | 8 (15.4%) | 8 (15.4%) | 0.357 | 0.8 ± 0.05 | 0.7 ± 0.05 | 0.012 | ||
| < | 35 (67.3%) | 29 (55.8%) | 0.22 ± 0.07 | 0.19 ± 0.06 | 0.043 | |||
| L5 spondylolisthesis group | ||||||||
| L5 | 10 | N | 10 (19.2%) | 8 (15.4%) | ||||
| ≥ | 16 (30.8%) | 13 (25%) | 0.54 | 0.79 ± 0.07 | 0.71 ± 0.06 | 0.001 | ||
| < | 26 (50%) | 31 (59.6%) | 0.24 ± 0.05 | 0.17 ± 0.05 | 0.000 | |||
| L5 | 15 | N | 9 (17.3%) | 17 (32.7%) | ||||
| ≥ | 9 (17.3%) | 8 (15.4%) | 0.088 | 0.83 ± 0.08 | 0.78 ± 0.07 | 0.259 | ||
| < | 34 (65.4%) | 27 (51.9%) | 0.26 ± 0.08 | 0.23 ± 0.06 | 0.1 | |||
| S1 | 0 | N | 11 (21.2%) | 11 (21.2%) | ||||
| ≥ | 31 (59.6%) | 30 (57.7%) | 0.969 | 0.99 ± 0.07 | 0.7 ± 0.04 | 0.000 | ||
| < | 10 (19.2%) | 11 (21.2%) | 0.2 ± 0.23 | 0.29 ± 0.04 | 0.000 | |||
| S1 | 5 | N | 10 (19.2%) | 14 (26.9%) | ||||
| ≥ | 6 (11.5%) | 24 (46.2%) | 0.000 | 0.91 ± 0.03 | 0.82 ± 0.06 | 0.001 | ||
| < | 36 (69.2%) | 14 (26.9%) | 0.21 ± 0.07 | 0.2 ± 0.06 | 0.784 | |||
| S1 | 10 | N | 21 (40.4%) | 41 (78.8%) | ||||
| ≥ | 5 (9.6%) | 0 | 0.000 | 1 ± 0.05 | ||||
| < | 26 (50%) | 11 (21.2%) | 0.13 ± 0.07 | 0.41 ± 0.04 | 0.000 | |||
Note: N, ≥ and < represented non-contact, distant and close ALV respectively