Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of Patients With HFpEF-AF or HFrEF-AF
| Characteristic | HFpEF-AF (n=447) | HFrEF-AF (n=412) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD), y | 79.2 (11.1) | 74.9 (12.8) | <.001 |
| Female, n (%) | 269 (60.2) | 154 (37.4) | <.001 |
| BMI, mean (SD),kg/m2 | 31.0 (8.0) | 30.7(7.9) | .58 |
| CHA2DS2-VASc score, mean (SD) | 5.2 (1.6) | 4.6(1.8) | <.001 |
| White, n (%) | 426 (95.3) | 398 (96.6) | .34 |
| Smoking , n (%) | 237 (53.0) | 253 (61.4) | .03 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 382 (85.5) | 310 (75.2) | <.001 |
| Prior MI , n (%) | 83 (18.6) | 134 (32.5) | <.001 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 168 (37.6) | 154 (37.4) | .95 |
| Prior COPD, n (%) | 106 (23.7) | 105 (25.5) | .55 |
| Peripheral vascular disease, n (%) | 53 (11.9) | 63 (15.3) | .14 |
| Dementia, n (%) | 29 (6.5) | 25 (6.1) | .80 |
| Malignancy, n (%) | 87 (19.5) | 85 (20.6) | .67 |
| Metastatic solid tumor, n (%) | 18 (4.0) | 13 (3.2) | .49 |
| Chronic kidney disease, n (%) | 96 (21.5) | 64 (15.5) | .03 |
| Rheumatologic disease, n (%) | 32 (7.2) | 19 (4.6) | .11 |
| Prior stroke or TIA, n (%) | 105 (23.5) | 64 (15.5) | .003 |
| Time from HF to AF, median, d | 12 | 27 | .06* |
| LVEF, mean (SD),% | 61.2 (6.7) | 32.4 (10.2) | … |
| β-Blocker, n (%) | 297 (66.4) | 283 (68.7) | .48 |
| Digoxin, n (%) | 45 (10.1) | 102 (24.8) | <.001 |
| CCB, n (%) | 64 (14.3) | 43 (10.4) | .09 |
| Statin, n (%) | 160 (35.8) | 203 (49.3) | <.001 |
| Furosemide, n (%) | 215 (48.1) | 248 (60.2) | <.001 |
| Aldosterone, n (%) | 19 (4.3) | 36 (8.7) | .007 |
| ACE-I or ARB, n (%) | 223 (49.9) | 262 (63.6) | <.001 |
| Warfarin or NOAC, n (%) | 178 (39.8) | 186 (45.1) | .11 |
ACE-I=angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB=angiotensin receptor blocker; BMI= body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared); CCB=cium channel blocker; COPD=chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; HF=heart failure; HFpEF-AF=atrial fibrillation and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; HFrEF-A=atrial fibrillation and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction; LVEF=left ventricular ejection fraction; MI=myocardial infarction; NOAC=novel oral anticoagulant; TIA=transient ischemic attack.
*
Wilcoxon rank sum test.