Table 2.
Anticancer peptides from natural resources and their respective oncolytic properties against tumors.
| Source | Peptide | Source | Cancer type | Anticancer activity | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ICD-85 | Venoms of an Iranian brown snake (Agkistrodon halys) and a yellow scorpion (Hemiscorpius lepturus) | HeLa cancer cell | Caspase 8 activation and apoptosis | (44) | |
| Venoms | Melittin | Bee venom | Breast, lung, and leukemia | Membrane disruption | (41) |
| Scorpion venom | |||||
| Gonearrestide | Androctonus mauritanicus Androctonus australis | Leukemia and colon cancers | Inhibiting cyclin-dependent kinases | (43) | |
| P8 Protein | Lactobacillus rhamnosus | Colorectal, cervical, lung and stomach cancers | Inhibition of the p53-p21-cyclin B1/Cdk1 signal pathway | (45) | |
| Bacteria | Apratoxin A | Lyngbya majuscula | HeLa cervical carcinoma and HT29 colon adenocarcinoma | Inducing G1-phase cell cycle arrest | (47) |
| Ieodoglucomides | Bacillus licheniformis | lung cancer and stomach cancer cell lines | - | (48) | |
| Fungi | Beauvericin | Fusarium sp. | Human epidermoid carcinoma | Release of cytochrome C, caspase-9/3 activation | (49) |
| Sponges | Jaspamide | Jaspis and Hemiastrella | Leukemia | Caspase-3 activation and reducing the expression of Bcl-2 | (51) |
| Kahalalides | Elysia refescens | Non-small cell lung cancer and androgen-independent prostate cancer | Induces disturbances in lysosomal function, anti-tubulin | (53) | |
| Animals | Aurein 1.2 | Litoria aurea | Human glioblastoma cells | Disruption of the mitochondrial membrane and/or plasma membrane | (54) |
| Deoxybourvardin | Rubia yannanesis | Human breast cancer cells | Inducing mitochondria- mediated apoptosis | (55) | |
| Plants | Lunasin | Soy and wheat | Cancerous mammalian cells which were induced by chemical carcinogens and viral oncogenes | Bind to chromatin, anti-transformation (foci formation) | (56) |
CDK1, Cyclin-dependent kinase 1; Bcl-2, B-cell lymphoma 2.