Table 7.

Newborn outcomes in LEAP and non-LEAP areas following the introduction of LEAP case-loading intervention

Outcome	Other areas	LEAP area caseload midwifery	LEAP area traditional care	Comparison of caseload midwifery and traditional care in LEAP area*
	N 8666 (%)	N 235 (%)	N 304 (%)	Risk ratio (95% CI)	Interaction test P value	Risk difference	NNT†
Stillbirth	37 (0.4)	0 (0)	0 (0)
Neonatal death	59 (0.7)	0 (0)	1 (0.3)
Non-registerable birth	106 (1.2)	0 (0)	3 (1.0)
Not recorded	1 (0.01)	0 (0)	0 (0)
Neonatal unit (NNU) admission	889 (10.3)	19 (8.1)	34 (11.1)
Not documented if NNU admission	1 (0.01)	0 (0)	0 (0)
Apgar score <7 (1 min)		15 (6.4%)	27 (8.9%)	0.68 (0.35 to 1.33)	0.26	−0.04
Apgar <7 (5 min)		6 (2.6%)	3 (1.0%)	3.9 (0.79 to 19.3)	0.10	0.03
Apgar not fully recorded		5 (2.1%)	8 (2.6%)
All births <37 weeks	912 (10.5)	12 (5.1)	34 (11.2)	0.41 (0.18 to 0.86)	0.02	−0.07	11.9
All births <34 weeks	417 (4.8)	4 (1.7)	13 (4.3)	0.35 (0.97 to 1.28)	0.11	−0.04	27.7
Birth 12–23+6 weeks	134 (1.5)	0 (0)	4 (1.3)
Birth 24–33+6 weeks	283 (3.3)	4 (1.7)	9 (3.0)
Birth 34–36+6 weeks	495 (5.7)	8 (3.4)	21 (6.9)
Gestation of birth not recorded	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)
Birth weight <2.5 kg	967 (11.1)	17 (7.2)	37 (12.2)	0.77 (0.24 to 1.08)	0.08	−0.07	15.2
Birth weight >4.5 kgs	60 (0.7)	1 (0.4)	1 (0.3)
Birth weight not recorded	2 (0.02)	0 (0)	0 (0)
Breastfed (at all)	7832 (90.4)	221 (94.0)	281 (92.4)	1.04 (0.97 to 1.11)	0.29	0.03	30.9
Not recorded if breastfed	214 (2.5)	0 (0)	4 (1.3)
Skin to skin within 1 hour	5827 (67.2)	176 (74.9)	203 (66.8)	1.12 (0.98 to 1.30)	0.09	0.09	11.7

*Comparisons carried out using inverse probability weighting to minimise potential bias.

†NNT: Number of women who need to be treated to prevent one bad outcome.

BAME, black, Asian and minority ethnic; LEAP, Lambeth Early Action Partnership.