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. 2021 Oct 28;9(11):e002970. doi: 10.1136/jitc-2021-002970

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© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

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Local and abscopal effects of intratumoral Toxoplasma gondii ΔGRA17 plus programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) blockade. (A) Schematic of treatment regimen and timeline for mice inoculated with B16-F10 cells. (B) Bioluminescence monitoring of B16-F10-Luc cells in live mice at days 10, 15, and 20. (C) Mice that achieved complete regression against B16-F10 for about 3 months after treatment with ΔGRA17 and/or PD-L1 blockade and age-matched treatment-naive mice were subcutaneously inoculated with B16-F10 cells. Tumor growth for individual mice is shown (n=8 mice/group). (D) Survival of B16-F10 rechallenged mice which achieved complete regression of melanoma after treatment. (E) Mice that achieved complete regression against B16-F10 rechallenge after treatment with ΔGRA17 in local and abscopal tumor models. The survival of tumor-bearing mice (n=8 mice/group) was presented as Kaplan-Meier plots and tested for significance using log-rank tests. Student’s t-test, ***p<0.001 compared with the indicated control.

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