Table 3.
Univariate (p value was calculated by the log-rank test) and multivariate (p value was calculated by Cox regression) analysis for prognostic factors of cLBP improvement (i-cLBP)
| Univariate analysis (p) | Multivariate analysis (p) | OR (CI 95%) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | |||
| Male/female | 0.724 | ||
| Age | |||
| < 50 y.o | 0.556 | ||
| < 65 y.o | 0.724 | ||
| cLBP time evolution | 0.388 | ||
| BMI > 25 | 0.774 | ||
| BMI > 30 | 0.156 | ||
| Medical history | |||
| Cardiovascular | 0.552 | ||
| Chronic disease | 0.618 | ||
| Depression | 0.326 | ||
| Herniated disc | 0.987 | ||
| Marital status | 0.130 | ||
| Radiculalgia associated | 0.149 | ||
| Subclinical/mild IES | < 0.0001 | 0.009 | 0.21 (0.001–0.384) |
| Modic disc classification | |||
| Type 0 | 0.250 | ||
| Type I | < 0.0001 | 0.015 | 19.93 (2.81–102.13) |
| Type II | 0.621 | ||
| Drug consumption | |||
| Acetaminophen | 0.336 | ||
| NSAID | 0.552 | ||
| Opioids | 0.370 | ||
| Benzodiazepine | 0.348 | ||
| Other | 0.398 | ||
| Pre-containment work | |||
| Active | 0.139 | ||
| Cessation of work | 1.0 | ||
| Pre-containment physical activity | |||
| Regular | 1.00 | ||
| Physiotherapy and SMT | 1.00 | ||
| Containment characters | |||
| Home teleworked | 0.635 | ||
| Stop working | 0.399 | ||
| House containment | 0.03 | 0.637 | 5.87 (1.32–12.26) |
| Weight gain | 0.149 | ||
| Moderate physical activity | 1.00 | ||
| Home stretching exercises | 0.03 | 0.04 | 18.85 (1.151–204.9) |
| Increasing tobacco/alcohol | 0.125 | ||
Significant p values are in bold letter