Study	Reason for exclusion
Agweyu 2015	Unclear if children had HAP. Authors did not respond to our request for this information.
Amonova 2011	Only included adult participants
Awad 2014	Only included adult participants
Barradas 1989	Only included adult participants
Bassetti 1991	Only included adult participants
Begue 1998	Did not include participants with HAP
Berman 2004	Not randomised
Bhavnani 2012	Only included adult participants
Chaudhary 2008	Only included adult participants
Chuchalin 1997	Only included adult participants
Cometta 1994	Only included adult participants
Dickstein 2016	Only included adult participants
Fatehi 2019	Same antibiotic (colistin) in both intervention groups
Giamarellos‐Bourboulis 2014	Only included adult participants
Grudinina 2002	Only included adult participants
Iakovlev 2000	Only included adult participants
Iakovlev 2006	Only included adult participants
Joshi 1999	Only included adult participants
Kollef 2012	Only included adult participants
Lacy 2015	Only included adult participants
Mohamed 2018	Only included adult participants
Muscedere 2012	Only included adult participants
Nassar 2018	Only included adult participants
Norrby 1993	Only included adult participants
Patel 2015	Same antibiotic (amoxicillin) in both intervention groups
Rodloff 1996	Only included adult participants
Straneo 1990	Only included adult participants
Tucker 2017	Only included adult participants

HAP: hospital‐acquired pneumonia