TABLE 3.
Logistic Regressions Predicting Increases in Overall/Online Gambling Frequency Based on Age, PGSI, and Baseline Gambling Frequency (N = 564)
| 95% CI for OR | ||||||||
| B | SE | Wald | df | P | OR | LL | UL | |
| Model 1: Increased overall | ||||||||
| Constant | –0.87 | 0.47 | ||||||
| Age (continuous) | –0.01 | 0.01 | 2.19 | 1 | 0.139 | 0.99 | 0.97 | 1.00 |
| PGSI: Moderate risk gambling∗ | 0.62 | 0.29 | 4.74 | 1 | 0.030 | 1.87 | 1.06 | 3.29 |
| PGSI: Problem gambling∗ | 0.13 | 0.37 | 0.12 | 1 | 0.732 | 1.14 | 0.53 | 2.33 |
| Regular baseline EGM gambling | –0.78 | 0.41 | 3.66 | 1 | 0.056 | 0.46 | 0.20 | 0.98 |
| Regular baseline race betting | –0.40 | 0.27 | 2.30 | 1 | 0.130 | 0.67 | 0.40 | 1.13 |
| Regular baseline sports betting | –0.48 | 0.28 | 3.02 | 1 | 0.083 | 0.62 | 0.35 | 1.06 |
| Regular baseline lottery gambling | –0.14 | 0.33 | 0.19 | 1 | 0.661 | 0.87 | 0.44 | 1.62 |
| Model 2: Increased online | ||||||||
| Constant | –0.46 | 0.40 | ||||||
| Age (continuous) | –0.02 | 0.01 | 3.67 | 1 | 0.056 | 0.98 | 0.97 | 1.00 |
| PGSI: Moderate risk gambling∗ | 0.33 | 0.25 | 1.75 | 1 | 0.186 | 1.39 | 0.85 | 2.25 |
| PGSI: Problem gambling∗ | 0.30 | 0.29 | 1.06 | 1 | 0.304 | 1.35 | 0.76 | 2.38 |
| Regular baseline EGM gambling | –0.13 | 0.29 | 0.20 | 1 | 0.652 | 0.88 | 0.49 | 1.53 |
| Regular baseline race betting | –0.10 | 0.22 | 0.19 | 1 | 0.665 | 0.91 | 0.59 | 1.41 |
| Regular baseline sports betting | –0.61 | 0.23 | 6.85 | 1 | 0.009 | 0.54 | 0.34 | 0.85 |
| Regular baseline lottery gambling | –0.01 | 0.26 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.961 | 0.99 | 0.59 | 1.63 |
Regular betting/gambling predictors relate to participating at least weekly in the activity (dichotomous).
∗
Reference group is combined non-problem and low-risk gambling categories.
B indicates unstandardized coefficient; CI, confidence interval; df, degrees of freedom; EGMs, electronic gaming machines; LL, lower limit; OR, odds ratio; PGSI, Problem Gambling Severity Index; SE, standard error; UL, upper limit.