Table 1. Patient demographics and baseline characteristics.
| Variable | Median household income Q1 ( n = 70) | Median household income Q4 ( n = 69) | Standardized difference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (y) Mean (SD) |
58.16 (13.46) | 52.42 (15.76) | −0.3914 |
| Length of stay (h) Mean, (SD) |
263.49 (202.27) | 165.13 (155.85) | −0.5447 |
| Gender, n (%) | −0.217 | ||
| Female | 31 (44.29) | 38 (55.07) | |
| Male | 39 (56.31) | 32 (44.93) | |
| Total cost (USD) Mean (SD) |
2,505.44 (1,622.84) | 3,092.22 (3,278.82) | 0.2268 |
| Duration of surgery (min) Mean, (SD) |
245.22 (123.07) | 225.65 (90.26) | −0.1813 |
| CCI score Mean (SD) Myocardial infarction Congestive heart failure Peripheral vascular disease Transient ischemic attack Dementia Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder Connective tissue disease Peptic ulcer disease liver disease Diabetes Hemiplegia Chronic kidney disease Solid tumor Leukemia Lymphoma AIDS |
5.93 (3.85) | 4.55 (3.73) | −0.3636 |
| Number of surgical intervention within 90 days prior to surgery n (%) |
0.3822 | ||
| 0 | 61 (87.14) | 67 (97.10) | |
| 1 | 8 (11.43) | 2 (2.90) | |
| 2 | 1 (1.43) | 0 (0) | |
| Number of lifetime surgical intervention prior to surgery n (%) |
0.204 | ||
| 0 | 63 (90.00) | 65 (94.20) | |
| 1 | 6 (8.57) | 4 (5.80) | |
| 2 | 1 (1.43) | 0 (0) | |
|
BMI (kg/m
2
)
Mean (SD) |
26.75 (6.80) | 26.44 (5.96) | −0.0484 |
| ASA grade n (%) |
0.3221 | ||
| 1 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| 2 | 14 (20.00) | 23 (33.33) | |
| 3 | 52 (74.29) | 44 (63.77) | |
| 4 | 4 (5.71) | 2 (2.90) | |
| Tobacco use (within past 12 months) n (%) |
0.4617 | ||
| Yes | 16 (22.86) | 5 (7.25) | |
| No | 45 (64.29) | 56 (81.16) | |
| Unknown | 9 (12.86) | 8 (11.59) | |
| Race n (%) |
1.0544 | ||
| Asian | 1 (1.43) | 6 (8.70) | |
| Black | 27 (38.57) | 2 (2.90) | |
| White | 35 (50.00) | 52 (75.36) | |
| HLB | 1 (1.43) | 0 (0) | |
| HLW | 2 (2.86) | 3 (4.35) | |
| Unknown | 1 (1.43) | 2 (2.90) | |
| Other | 3 (4.29) | 4 (5.80) |
Abbreviations: ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; BMI, body mass index; CCI, Charlson's comorbidity index; HLB, Hispanic/Latino-Black; HLW, Hispanic/Latino-White; Q1, lowest socioeconomic quartile; Q4, highest socioeconomic quartile; SD, standard deviation; USD, U.S. dollar.