Table 2.
Risk factors for treatment failure total cohort (n = 669)
| Non-failures (n = 396) | Failures (n = 273) | P value | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline characteristics | |||||
| Male sex | 39.4% (156/396) | 49.8% (136/273) | .01* | 1.59 (1.09 – 2.31) | .02 |
| Age >80 years | 18.4% (72/392) | 25.8% (70/271) | .02* | 1.47 (0.92 – 2.36) | .11 |
| BMI >30 kg/m2 | 51.2% (187/365) | 51.0% (128/251) | .95 | ||
| Medical history | |||||
| Diabetes | 18.7% (74/396) | 20.9% (57/273) | .48 | ||
| Renal failure | 6.3% (25/396) | 7.7% (21/273) | .48 | ||
| COPD | 17.4% (69/396) | 17.2% (47/273) | .94 | ||
| Liver cirrhosis | 3.8% (15/396) | 5.1% (14/273) | .40 | ||
| Malignancy | 15.2% (60/396) | 13.2% (36/273) | .48 | ||
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 6.8% (27/396) | 9.2% (25/273) | .27 | ||
| Characteristics implant | |||||
| Knee | 39.9% (158/396) | 44.7% (122/274) | .22 | ||
| Primary | 84.9% (333/392) | 77.9 (211/271) | .02* | 0.59 (0.36 – 0.95) | .03 |
| Cemented | 70.1% (262/374) | 76.3% (200/262) | .08* | 1.69 (1.09 – 2.63) | .02 |
| Fracture | 13.5% (53/392) | 19.3% (52/269) | .05* | 1.40 (0.84 – 2.33) | .20 |
| Clinical presentation | |||||
| CRP >115 mg/L | 22.0% (85/386) | 47.2% (126/267) | <.001* | 2.31 (1.53 – 3.49) | <.001 |
| Leucocytes >12 cells/uL | 21.4% (79/369) | 37.6% (94/250) | <.001* | 1.55 (1.02 – 2.35) | .04 |
| Late acute PJI | 5.3% (21/393) | 11.7% (31/266) | <.001* | 1.79 (0.72 – 4.40) | .21 |
| Identified micro-organism | |||||
| Staphylococcus aureus | 53.5% (212/396) | 69.2% (189/273) | <.001* | 1.88 (1.26 – 2.79) | .002 |
| Polymicrobial | 40.4% (160/396) | 34.1% (93/273) | .09* | 0.87 (0.60 – 1.28) | .49 |
| Surgical treatment | |||||
| Exchange modular components | 46.0% (171/372) | 44.7% (115/257) | .76 | ||
| DAIR >4 wks after surgerya | 20.7% (77/372) | 16.2% (38/235) | .17 | ||
| Antibiotic treatment | |||||
| Rifampin used | 69.7% (276/396) | 48.0% (131/273) | <.001* | 0.30 (0.20 – 0.45) | <.001 |
*Variables with a P value <.1 were included in the multivariate binary logistic regression analysis.
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CRP, C-reactive protein; DAIR, debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention; PJI, periprosthetic joint infections.
aFor early acute (post-operative) PJI.