Table 1.
Characteristics of the Study Participants in the Retrospective Cohort From Taiwan, Stratified by Sex (N = 2894)
| Participants, No. (%)a | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | Participants With Available Data, No. | Total (N = 2894) | Male (n = 1975) | Female (n = 919) | P Value |
| Age, median (IQR), y | 2894 | 66.6 (49.1–77.8) | 68.9 (53.4–78.8) | 58.2 (38.2–75.4) | <.001 |
| BMI, mean (SD)b | 2178 | 21.3 (4.2) | 21.4 (4.4) | 21.0 (3.6) | .049 |
| Ever smoker | 2296 | 930 (40.5) | 884 (56.1) | 46 (6.4) | <.001 |
| Alcohol abuse | 2894 | 81 (2.8) | 79 (4.0) | 2 (0.2) | <.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 2888 | 533 (18.46) | 403 (20.4) | 130 (14.2) | <.001 |
| Hypertension | 2894 | 1052 (36.4) | 759 (38.4) | 293 (31.9) | .001 |
| CVD | 2894 | 352 (12.2) | 265 (13.4) | 87 (9.5) | .002 |
| COPD | 2894 | 451 (15.6) | 374 (18.9) | 77 (8.4) | <.001 |
| Cancer | 2888 | 459 (15.9) | 369 (18.7) | 90 (9.8) | <.001 |
| Cirrhosis | 2894 | 5 (1.7) | 43 (2.2) | 7 (0.8) | .007 |
| Transplant recipient | 2894 | 26 (0.9) | 18 (0.9) | 8 (0.9) | .91 |
| HIV | 2894 | 65 (2.3) | 64 (3.2) | 1 (0.1) | <.001 |
| CCI, median (IQR) | 2894 | 4 (2–6) | 4 (2–6) | 3 (1–5) | <.001 |
| Sputum smear AFB positivity at baseline | 2842 | 1215 (42.75) | 820 (42.40) | 395 (43.50) | .58 |
| Smear grade at baseline, mean (SD) | 2842 | 0.99 (1.36) | 1.00 (1.39) | 0.96 (1.32) | .50 |
| Prior tuberculosis | 1598 | 98 (6.1) | 75 (6.84) | 23 (4.58) | .08 |
| Cavitary disease | 2894 | 413 (14.27) | 311 (15.75) | 102 (11.09) | <.001 |
Abbreviations: AFB, acid-fast bacilli; BMI, body mass index; CCI, Charlson comorbidity index; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CVD, cardiovascular disease; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; IQR, interquartile range; SD, standard deviation.
aData represent no. (%) of participants unless otherwise specified.
bBMI was calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared.