Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of Patients With COVID-19 With ACS and Comparison With Patients With COVID-19 Without ACS (Control Group A) and With Patients Without COVID-19 With ACS (Control Group B)
| Cases (COVID-19 and ACS), n = 110 | Control Group A (COVID-19 and Non-ACS), n = 330 | Control Group B (Non-COVID-19 and ACS), n = 330 | p Value* | p Value† | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||||
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 74 (13) | 63 (18) | 67 (14) | <0.001‡ | <0.001‡ |
| ≥60 years, n (%) | 95 (86.4) | 196 (59.4) | 231 (70.0) | <0.001‡ | 0.001‡ |
| Female, n (%) | 33 (30.00) | 156 (47.27) | 98 (29.70) | 0.002‡ | 0.95 |
| Pulmonary comorbidities, n (%) | |||||
| COPD | 15 (13.64) | 28 (8.48) | 40 (12.12) | 0.12 | 0.68 |
| Asthma | 4 (3.64) | 23 (6.97) | 10 (3.03) | 0.21 | 0.75 |
| Active smoker | 11 (10.00) | 22 (6.67) | 80 (24.61) | <0.001‡ | 0.002‡ |
| Other comorbidities, n (%) | |||||
| Hypertension | 86 (78.18) | 150 (45.45) | 212 (24.24) | <0.001‡ | 0.007‡ |
| Dyslipidemia | 61 (55.45) | 110 (33.33) | 166 (50.30) | <0.001‡ | 0.35 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 33 (30) | 57 (17.27) | 108 (32.73) | 0.004‡ | 0.57 |
| Coronary artery disease | 47 (42.73) | 25 (7.58) | 92 (27.88) | <0.001‡ | 0.004‡ |
| Obesity (clinically estimated) | 19 (17.27) | 51 (15.45) | 74 (22.42) | 0.65 | 0.25 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 14 (12.73) | 23 (6.97) | 19 (5.79) | 0.06 | 0.016‡ |
| Chronic kidney disease | 17 (15.45) | 21 (6.36) | 38 (11.52) | 0.003‡ | 0.28 |
| Dementia | 10 (9.09) | 29 (8.79) | 17 (5.15) | 0.92 | 0.14 |
| Active cancer | 13 (11.82) | 31 (9.39) | 46 (13.94) | 0.46 | 0.57 |
⁎
Values refer to comparison between cases and control group A.
†
Values refer to comparison between cases and control group B.
‡
Statistically significant (p < 0.05).
ACS = acute coronary syndrome; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.