TABLE 2.
Characteristics by group
| Median (IQR) or n (%) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | Early adherent | Early nonadherent | Late adherent | Late nonadherent | Adjusted pa |
| n | 15 101 (60%) | 4606 (18%) | 2738 (11%) | 2478 (11%) | |
| Age, years | 71 (56–80) | 70 (53–80) | 62 (48–75) | 71 (55–80) | <.01 |
| Female | 8757 (58%) | 2525 (55%) | 1507 (55%) | 1435 (58%) | .04 |
| Race | |||||
| White | 11 785 (78%) | 3347 (73%) | 1801 (66%) | 1813 (73%) | <.01 |
| Black | 2343 (16%) | 876 (19%) | 692 (25%) | 476 (19%) | |
| Asian | 193 (1%) | 88 (2%) | 38 (1%) | 45 (2%) | |
| Hispanic | 472 (3%) | 180 (4%) | 131 (5%) | 77 (3%) | |
| NAN | 104 (1%) | 38 (1%) | 33 (1%) | 26 (1%) | |
| Other | 172 (1%) | 70 (2%) | 41 (1%) | 38 (2%) | |
| Dual eligible | |||||
| None | 5688 (38%) | 1952 (42%) | 907 (33%) | 1009 (41%) | <.01 |
| Partial | 1079 (7%) | 466 (10%) | 360 (13%) | 252 (10%) | |
| Full | 8334 (55%) | 2188 (48%) | 1471 (54%) | 1217 (49%) | |
| Cost-sharing | |||||
| None | 5100 (34%) | 1723 (37%) | 738 (27%) | 916 (37%) | .05 |
| Partial | 538 (4%) | 201 (4%) | 146 (5%) | 93 (4%) | |
| Full | 9463 (63%) | 2682 (58%) | 1854 (68%) | 1469 (59%) | |
| Reason for entitlement | |||||
| Disability | 5742 (38%) | 1906 (41%) | 1455 (53%) | 964 (39%) | .66 |
| ESRD | 263 (2%) | 138 (3%) | 92 (3%) | 90 (4%) | <.01 |
| Region | |||||
| Northeast | 2775 (18%) | 704 (15%) | 403 (15%) | 383 (15%) | <.01 |
| Midwest | 3599 (24%) | 975 (21%) | 581 (21%) | 541 (22%) | |
| South | 5890 (39%) | 1942 (42%) | 1220 (45%) | 1053 (42%) | |
| West | 2295 (15%) | 802 (17%) | 432 (16%) | 398 (16%) | |
| Other | 542 (4%) | 183 (4%) | 102 (4%) | 103 (4%) | |
| Rural ZIP code | 4364 (29%) | 1255 (27%) | 729 (27%) | 667 (27%) | .03 |
| Neurology visit | 9100 (60%) | 2386 (52%) | 1337 (49%) | 1484 (60%) | <.01 |
| Older generation ASM | 5293 (35%) | 1283 (28%) | 849 (31%) | 718 (29%) | <.01 |
| Once daily ASM | 1728 (11%) | 614 (13%) | 347 (12%) | 312 (13%) | <.01 |
| Medications, n | 13 (8–18) | 12 (8–18) | 13 (8–18) | 13 (9–19) | <.01 |
| Out of pocket | $105 ($8–$434) | $109 ($30–$409) | $85 ($23–$258) | $125 ($37–$484) | <.01 |
| Charlson index | 2 (0–4) | 2 (0–4) | 2 (0–4) | 2 (1–4) | .12 |
Abbreviations: ASM, antiseizure medication; ESRD, end-stage renal disease; IQR, interquartile range; NAN, North American Native.
a
Adjusted for all variables listed in the table from a multinomial logistic regression.