Table 2.

Basal and follow-up characteristics and vasodilatation responses of cerebral arteries in all the subjects.

Variable	SVD (n = 60)	LS (n = 20)	VaP (n = 20)	VaD (n = 20)	CG (n = 20)	p #
Baseline measures
MFV (cm/s)	41.5 ± 12*	43.9 ± 15	42 ± 9.5	38.4 ± 10.4*	46.8 ± 8.7	0.03
VMRr (%)	56.7 ± 18.4*	55.4 ± 18.6*	55.1 ± 15.2*	54.2 ± 18.7*	77.2 ± 15.6	<0.001
BHI	0.82 ± 0.39*	0.86 ± 0.4*	0.77 ± 0.28*	0.71 ± 0.4*	1.15 ± 0.47	<0.001
Resting SBP, mmHg	127.2 ± 17.2	130.1 ± 16.2	126.1 ± 11.1	125.2 ± 16	124 ± 19	0.2
Resting DBP, mmHg	73.4 ± 10.1	72.4 ± 13.2	73.2 ± 12.4	74.4 ± 11	74.1 ± 8	0.7
Resting HR, beats/min	76.8 ± 6.6	76.8 ± 4.7	75.2 ± 8.2	78.3 ± 6.6	72.1 ± 6.1	0.8
Delta etCO2 HV (%)	1.3 ± 0.15	1.4 ± 0.4	1.3 ± 0.2	1.1 ± 0.7	1.4 ± 0.5	0.6
Delta etCO2 BH (%)	1.2 ± 0.1	1.3 ± 0.2	1.3 ± 0.6	1.1 ± 0.6	1.2 ± 0.4	0.8
Follow-up measures
MFV (cm/sek)	35.2 ± 11.2*	37.1 ± 15.6	34.3 ± 9.2*	34.2 ± 8.3*	43.1 ± 8.2	0.06
VMRr (%)	52.3 ± 16.7*	54.4 ± 17.9*	49.3 ± 11.5*	53.2 ± 19.7*	74.3 ± 17.6*	<0.001
BHI	0.71 ± 0.38*	0.72 ± 0.5*	0.71 ± 0.24*	0.69 ± 0.4*	1.11 ± 0.4*	<0.001
Resting SBP, mmHg	124.8 ± 13.9	127.2 ± 17.1	125.3 ± 9.8	122.1 ± 15	127 ± 9	0.3
Resting DBP, mmHg	76.3 ± 11	74.1 ± 14.1	78.1 ± 7.7	76.7 ± 11	74.2 ± 10	0.6
Resting HR, beats/min	73.9 ± 2.2	72.6 ± 3	75.2 ± 1.2	74.1 ± 2.4	70 ± 10.5	0.2
Delta etCO2 HV (%)	1.23 ± 0.6	1.3 ± 0.7	1.2 ± 0.5	1.2 ± 0.6	1.9 ± 0.7	0.3
Delta etCO2 BH (%)	1.16 ± 0.7	1.1 ± 0.8	1.1 ± 0.4	1.3 ± 0.4	1.2 ± 0.7	0.8

^#ANOVA difference between the groups,

^*p < 0.05 compared with the CG.

SVD, cerebral small vessel disease; LS, lacunar stroke; VaD, vascular dementia; VaP, vascular parkinsonism; CG, control group; MFV, mean flow velocity; BHI, breath holding index; VMRr, vasomotor reactivity reserve; PI, pulsatile index; RI, resistance index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HR, heart rate.

Δ etCO₂HV, Δ end-tidal CO₂ during hyperventilation; Δ etCO₂ BH, Δ end-tidal CO₂ during breath holding.