Table 4.

Adjusted risk estimates for primary and secondary outcomes

Group	Predictor	Adjusted risk estimate (95% CI)	P value
RBC transfusion within 24 hr of CPB		Odds ratio
PCC	per 500 units	0.67 (0.50 to 0.90)	< 0.01*
FP	per unit	1.60 (1.36 to 1.88)	< 0.01*
Platelet transfusion within 24 hr of CPB		Odds ratio
PCC	per 500 units	0.80 (0.70 to 0.92)	< 0.01*
FP	per unit	1.40 (1.15 to 1.69)	< 0.01*
Acute kidney injury within 7 days of CPB		Odds ratio
PCC	per 500 units	1.00 (0.89 to 1.14)	0.94
FP	per unit	1.14 (1.04 to 1.25)	< 0.01*
Thromboembolic events at 28 days post CPB		Relative risk
PCC	per 500 units	1.00 (0.87 to 1.16)	0.96
FP	per unit	0.96 (0.89 to 1.03)	0.22
Hospital length of stay		Relative risk
PCC	per 500 units	0.99 (0.90 to 1.14)	0.86
FP	per unit	1.04 (1.03 to 1.05)	< 0.01*
Intensive care unit length of stay		Relative risk
PCC	per 500 units	1.05 (0.97 to 1.14)	0.26
FP	per unit	1.04 (1.03 to 1.05)	< 0.01*

Associations were examined by generalized estimating equation models for either count (negative binomial or Poisson) or binary (logistic) data, which were adjusted for preoperative creatinine clearance, hemoglobin level, body mass index, age, sex, presence of heart failure, study arm, critical preoperative status of the patient, and surgical complexity and urgency. Length of stay models were additionally adjusted for preoperative myocardial infarction, chronic lung disease, and preoperative intensive care or hospital admission. Acute kidney injury was defined as stage 1 or higher as per the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes 2012 guideline, which is consistent with RIFLE classification “risk for AKI” or higher.^14,15

P values < 0.05 were considered significant and are marked with asterisks.

CBP = cardiopulmonary bypass; CI = confidence interval; FP = frozen plasma; PCC = prothrombin complex concentrates; RBC = red blood cell.