Table 2.

Measures of endothelial function, arterial stiffness and inflammatory biomarkers

Variable	Rivaroxaban (n=89)		Aspirin (n=90)		Comparison of groups
	Baseline	Week 20	Baseline	Week 20
Endothelial function
AUC of FBF (ml/100 ml × s)	355 ± 227	445 ± 233*	348 ± 197	369 ± 225	0.021
Maximal ∆ FBF (ml/100 ml)	12.4 ± 5.6	16.0 ± 6.1*	13.5 ± 6.7	14.5 ± 7.1	0.001
∆ Skin blood flow (U)	58.3 ± 36.1	62.3 ± 32.7	57.3 ± 30	50.8 ± 27.7	0.629
VCAM-1 (pg/ml)	716 ± 225	740 ± 243	799 ± 419	807 ± 382	0.371
ICAM-1 (pg/ml)	296 ± 84	298 ± 85	285 ± 81	287 ± 84	0.00 (−0.04, 0.05)a
sE-Selectin (ng/ml)	87.2 ± 53	86.2 ± 52	81.9 ± 40	81.1 ± 39	−0.02 (−0.08, 0.04)a
sP-Selectin (ng/ml)	109.8 ± 37	102.9 ± 37*	114.5 ± 41	112.2 ± 43	0.116
3-Nitrotyrosine (pmol/ml)	294.2 ± 296	305.2 ± 338	319.7 ± 443	356.3 ± 627	0.383
Arterial stiffness
PWV (m/s)	9.3 ± 1.2	9.3 ± 1.3	9.3 ± 1.1	9.4 ± 1.2	−0.11 (−0.26, 0.03)
Augmentation index (%)	26.9 ± 15.7	26.5 ± 16.8	28.6 ± 17.9	27.3 ± 16.3	0.985
Inflammation
hsCrP (mg/l)	4.2 ± 3.2	5 ± 5.6	4.7 ± 3.8	4.6 ± 6*	0.25 (0.01, 0.48)a
MCP-1 (pg/ml)	546 ± 264	560 ± 338	523 ± 344	542 ± 402	0.297
IL-6 (pg/ml)	3.0 ± 6.2	3.5 ± 6.5	2.6 ± 5.4	3.5 ± 7.4	0.641
MMP-9 (pg/ml)	109.5 ± 74	115.1 ± 65	111.9 ± 66	122.5 ± 66	−0.04 (−0.2, 0.12)a
sCD40L (ng/ml)	3.2 ± 3.4	3.1 ± 3.3	4.0 ± 6.3	4.5 ± 8.1	0.141
Platelet activation
VASP-P (%)	11.4 ± 9.8	11.6 ± 8.8	11.1 ± 9.8	11.7 ± 7.5	0.577
PMP (1/μl)	237.4 ± 157.1	365.2 ± 222*	201.7 ± 162.7	266 ± 212.7*	0.628

Comparison between groups (based on intraindividual differences between week 20 and baseline): effect size and 95% CI are given for ANCOVA or p values for Mann–Whitney U test

^aTest on log-transformed data

Comparison vs baseline: *<0.02 (Wilcoxon’s signed rank test)

VASP-P, phosphorylated VASP