Table 6.
Prevalence of Stigma Resistance
| Area | Study | Country | n | Mean SR | SD | n | High SR (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Europe | SMI | Grambal169 | Czech Republic | 184 | 2.52 | 0.57 | - | - |
| Dubreucq93 | France | 738 | 2.54 | 0.51 | 693 | 54.1 | ||
| Weighted total | 922 | 2.53 | ||||||
| Schizophrenia | Brohan9 | Multi-site | 1129 | 2.47 (2.29–2.7) | 0.51 | 1129 | 49.2% | |
| Vidovic126 | Croatia | 149 | 2.37 | 0.99 | 149 | 54% | ||
| Sibitz123 | Austria | 157 | 2.73 | 0.76 | 157 | 63.3% | ||
| Hofer30 | Austria | 52 | 2.94 | 0.53 | - | - | ||
| Bouvet175 | France | 62 | 2.46 | 0.55 | - | - | ||
| Vrbova176 | Czech Republic | 197 | 2.56 | 0.48 | - | - | ||
| Surmann177 | Germany | 80 | 2.35 | 0.58 | - | - | ||
| Dubreucq93 | France | 466 | 2.56 | 0.51 | 466 | 55.4% | ||
| Weighted total | - | 2292 | 2.51 | 1435 | 51.2% | |||
| Bipolar Disorders/MDD | Brohan10 | Multi-site | 1182 | 2.81 | 0.98 | 1182 | 59.7% | |
| Dubreucq93 | France | 117 BD | 2.52 | 0.53 | 117 | 52.1% | ||
| 27 MDD | 2.58 | 0.53 | 27 | 59.3% | ||||
| Weighted total | 1326 | 2.77 | 1326 | 59.02% | ||||
| Anxiety disorders | Grambal169 | Czech Republic | 37 | 2.30 | 0.56 | - | - | |
| Dubreucq93 | France | 19 | 2.44 | 0.68 | 19 | 36.8% | ||
| Borderline Personality Disorder | Grambal169 | Czech Republic | 35 | 2.27 | 0.57 | - | - | |
| Dubreucq93 | France | 64 | 2.52 | 0.48 | 64 | 51.6% | ||
| North America | SMI | Livingston37 | Canada | 71 | 2.07 | 0.38 | - | - |
| Livingston43 | Canada | 94 | 2.10 | 0.50 | 94 | 15.9% | ||
| Ritsher-Boyd112 | USA | - | - | - | 82 | 29% | ||
| Weighted total | - | 165 | 2.08 | 176 | 22% | |||
| Bipolar Disorders | Howland42 | USA | 115 | 3.06 | 0.46 | - | - | |
| South America | Schizophrenia | Caqueo-Uritzar34 | Multi-site | 253 | 2.4 | 0.61 | - | – |
| South Asia | Schizophrenia | Singh198 | India | 100 | 2.3 | 0.70 | 100 | 45% |
| Pal199 | India | 32 | 2.84 | 0.50 | - | |||
| Weighted total | - | 132 | 2.43 | 100 | 45% | |||
| Bipolar Disorders | Pal199 | India | 59 | 2.43 | 0.42 | - | - | |
| Grover200 | India | 185 | 2.21 | 0.51 | - | - | ||
| Weighted total | - | 244 | 2.26 | - | - | |||
| South-East Asia | SMI | Ran127 | China | 453 | 2.49 | 0.42 | - | - |
| Lau221 | Singapore | 280 | 2.87 | 0.47 | 280 | 82.9% | ||
| Weighted total | 733 | 2.63 | ||||||
| Schizophrenia | Li139 | China | 384 | 2.28 | 0.45 | - | - | |
| Hofer30 | Japan | 60 | 2.35 | 0.46 | - | - | ||
| Ran127 | China | 232 | 2.50 | 0.36 | - | - | ||
| Weighted total | - | 676 | 2.36 | - | - | |||
| Middle East | SMI | Ghanean208 | Iran | 138 | 2.46 | 0.39 | - | - |
| Schizophrenia | Sarisoy41 | Turkey | 109 | 2.56 | 0.62 | - | - | |
| Çapar212 | Turkey | 250 | 2.41 | 0.35 | - | - | ||
| Olçun213 | Turkey | 76 | 2.60 | 0.60 | - | - | ||
| Karakas222 | Turkey | 60 | 2.62 | 0.63 | - | - | ||
| Yilmaz214 | Turkey | 63 | 2.66 | 0.43 | - | - | ||
| Weighted total score | - | 558 | 2.51 | - | - | |||
| Bipolar Disorders | Sarisoy41 | Turkey | 118 | 2.38 | 0.54 | - | - | |
| Sadighi216 | Iran | 126 | 2.76 | 0.98 | 126 | 57.49% | ||
| Weighted total score | 246 | 2.55 | ||||||
| Africa | SMI | Girma53 | Ethiopia | 422 | 2.41 | 0.40 | - | - |
| Sorsdahl62 | South Africa | 142 | 2.90 | - | - | - | ||
| Weighted total | - | 564 | 2.53 | - | - | |||
| Schizophrenia | Mosanya125 | Nigeria | 256 | 2.79 | 0.53 | 256 | 72.7% | |
| Bifftu124 | Ethiopia | 411 | 2.52 | - | 411 | 49.4% | ||
| Weighted total | 667 | 2.62 | 667 | 58.34% | ||||
Note: MDD, Major Depressive Disorder; SMI, Severe Mental Illness. Mean stigma resistance refers to ISMI stigma resistance subscale mean score. High stigma resistance refers to the proportion of patients with ISMI stigma resistance subscale > 2.5. Bold faces represents the total sample and the weighted means and proportions.