FIGURE 15.

MAMPH administrations were tested to label p-ERK expression in the CA1, CA2, CA3, and DG of the hippocampus for the control (n = 6), MAMPH (n = 6), PrL(+)/MAMPH (n = 6), and PrL(–)/MAMPH groups (n = 6) by injecting NMDA or saline into the PrL. PrL(+): Injection of a low concentration of NMDA to excite the PrL neurons; PrL(–): Injection of a high concentration of NMDA to destroy the PrL neurons. Differences in p-ERK expression levels in the CA1, CA2, CA3, and DG among all groups were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s post hoc test if a significant difference was appeared among groups. ^∗p < 0.05 indicates significant differences compared with the control group; ^#p < 0.05 indicates significant differences compared with the MAMPH group.