Figure 1.
Overview of model and initial validation of model performance
(A) Scope of the model. In addition to metabolism, the model accounts for the synthesis and binding of cofactors, including heme, iron-sulfur (Fe/S) clusters, lipoic acid and biotin, as well as mitochondrial protein import. The dotted line signifies the inclusion of cofactor requirements of unmodeled proteins into the biomass reaction.
(B) Coupling constraint. The mathematical relationship between metabolic rates and enzyme usage is established based on a steady-state assumption. kcat, turnover rate; [E], enzyme abundance; μ, growth rate; v, reaction flux.
(C) Model predicted exchange fluxes at increasing growth rates compared to experimental data from (van Hoek et al., 1998).
(D) Pathway usage for the main pathways of central metabolism at increasing growth rates.