Table 2.
Patient demographic data and clinical characteristics compared among the Pneumocystis infection-based classification (N=355).
| Characteristics | Definite PCP (n=67) | Probable PCP (n=19) | Colonization (n=130) | Negative (n=139) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of male patients (%) | 48(71.6) | 11(57.9) | 65(50.0) | 70(50.4) |
| Median age in years (IQR) | 40(30.0–49.0) | 57(44.0–69.0) | 55(14.0–64.0) | 50(29.0–66.0) |
| No. of patients with HIV (%) | 42(62.7) | 2(10.5) | 9(6.9) | 8(5.8) |
| Median numbers of CD4 count in mm3 (IQR) | 30(10.0–41.0) | N/A | 86(29.0–150.0) | 81(6.5–364.0) |
| No. of patients with the following underlying immunodeficiency conditions besides HIV (%) | 22(32.8) | 17(89.5) | 95(73.1) | 83(59.7) |
| Hematologic malignancy | 11(16.4) | 2(10.5) | 32(24.6) | 24 (17.3) |
| Solid organ transplant | 6(9.0) | 1(5.3) | 9(6.9) | 10(7.2) |
| Autoimmune disorder | 5(7.5) | 9(47.4) | 40(30.8) | 37(26.6) |
| Solid organ malignancy | 0(0) | 2(10.5) | 7(5.4) | 6(4.3) |
| Congenital immune disorders | 0(0) | 0(0) | 2(1.5) | 2 (1.4) |
| Others | 0(0) | 3(15.8) | 5(3.8) | 4(2.9) |
| No of patients with more than one immunosuppressive conditions (%) | 3(4.5)α | 0(0) | 4(3.1)β | 4(2.9)γ |
| No. of patients with no known immunological disorders* | 0(0) | 0(0) | 22(16.9) | 44(31.6) |
| No. of patients receiving PCP prophylaxis (%) | 8(11.9) | 0(0) | 28(21.5) | 25(18.0) |
| No. of patients with the following treatment (%) | ||||
| Anti-Pneumocystis medications¶ | 13(19.4) | 10(52.6) | 39(30.0) | 32(23.0) |
| Anti-Pneumocystis + corticosteroids | 47(70.1) | 6(31.6) | 5(3.8) | 8(5.8) |
| Other antibiotic treatment | 54(80.6) | 18(94.7) | 99(76.2) | 28(20.1) |
| Mechanical ventilation | 16(23.9) | 6(31.6) | 40(30.8) | 54(38.8) |
| Fungal burden (DNA copies/μl) as assessed by qPCR (IQR) | 4.6×105(1.5×105–1.0×106) | 5.3×104(3.0×104–1.0×105) | 560(280–1,510) | UD |
| Fungal burden in patients with HIV* | 4.8×105(1.9×105–1.4×106) | 2.3×104(NA) | 436(365–934) | UD |
| Fungal burden in patients with other non-HIV immune deficiency conditions | 4.2×105(1.0×105–7.9×105) | 5.7×104(1.4×104–1.1×105) | 585(268.8–1,762.5) | UD |
Patients with more than one immunosuppressive condition who were co-infected with HIV were included in the HIV for dot-plot and ROC curve analysis.
Anti-pneumocystis medications included first line: co-trimoxazole and second line: primaquine and clindamycin or pentamidine.
One patient with HIV and DLCBL, one patient with HIV and cervical carcinoma, and one patient with HIV and CNS lymphoma.
One patient with SLE and DLCBL, one patient with HIV and lung adenocarcinoma, and two patients with HIV and Evan’s syndrome.
One patient with SLE and DLCBL, one patient with RA and MM, and two patients with HIV and DLCBL (N/A, not available; UD, undetectable; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; CNS, central nervous system; DLCBL, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus; RA, rheumatoid arthritis; and MM, multiple myeloma).