Table 1.
Demographic and clinical features of subjects.
| Mild WMH (n = 32) | Moderate WMH (n = 24) | Severe WMH (n = 30) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic data | ||||
| Age (years) | 63.69 ± 5.47 | 64.33 ± 6.65 | 66.43 ± 5.07 | 0.126a |
| Gender (male/female) | 16/16 | 13/11 | 18/12 | 0.731b |
| Education (years) | 10.78 ± 3.13 | 11.08 ± 3.69 | 9.10 ± 3.89 | 0.078a |
| Hypertension (yes/no) | 6/26 | 17/7d | 21/9e | <0.001b |
| Diabetes (yes/no) | 3/29 | 4/20 | 8/22 | 0.199b |
| Smoking history (yes/no) | 5/27 | 7/17 | 10/20 | 0.250b |
| Drinking history (yes/no) | 8/24 | 3/21 | 3/27 | 0.234b |
| MRI features | ||||
| Gray matter volume (ml) | 614.96 ± 38.54 | 615.65 ± 31.16 | 626.83 ± 57.33 | 0.517c |
| Framewise displacement | 0.18 ± 0.16 | 0.18 ± 0.10 | 0.17 ± 0.08 | 0.957c |
| Cognitive performance | ||||
| Global cognitive function | 0.28 ± 0.69 | 0.32 ± 0.79 | −0.56 ± 1.19e,f | <0.001c |
| Processing speed | 0.18 ± 0.88 | 0.26 ± 0.89 | −0.39 ± 1.11 f | 0.026c |
| Executive function | 0.33 ± 0.76 | 0.20 ± 0.95 | −0.52 ± 1.08e,f | 0.001c |
| Episodic memory | 0.34 ± 0.88 | 0.12 ± 1.00 | −0.46 ± 0.98e,f | 0.005c |
| Language | 0.25 ± 0.85 | 0.09 ± 1.12 | −0.33 ± 0.99 | 0.061c |
a
Kruskal–Wallis test.
b
χ2 test.
c
One-way analysis of variance.
d
Significant difference between mild WMH and moderate WMH groups.
e
Significant difference between mild WMH and severe WMH groups.
f
Significant difference between moderate WMH and severe WMH groups.
WMH, white matter hyperintensities.