Figure 6.

HPV16 E6 activates cGMP/PKG signaling pathway through ST6GAL1. (A) C33A and C33A-E6 (E6 stable expressing) cells were transiently transfected with short hairpin RNA targeting ST6GAL1 (shST6GAL1) or a non-targeting control (shNTC). Forty-eight hours later, the expression of cGMP/PKG signaling pathway-related proteins were detected by Western blot. (B) C33A and C33A-E6 cells were transiently transfected with pcDNA3.1-ST6GAL1 overexpressing plasmid (ST6GAL1) or empty vector (EV). Forty-eight hours later, phosphorylated VASP expression in indicated cells were detected by Western blot. (C) Proliferation of indicated cells were detected by CCK-8 assay. (D) The clones of indicated cells were visualized by crystal violet staining. (E) Statistical analysis of colony numbers in indicated cells. (F, G) Apoptosis of indicated cells were detected by flow cytometry, and then, apoptotic rates were statistically analyzed. (H, I) Migrative abilities of indicated cells were detected by wound-healing assay and statistically analyzed. (J, K) Invasive abilities of indicated cells were detected by Transwell assay and statistically analyzed. Data were presented as mean ± SD from the three independent replicates. **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001.