TABLE 2.
Univariate and multivariate analyses of the factors affecting overall survival and disease-free survival by Cox proportional hazard model.
| Disease-free survival | Overall survival | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | N | Univariate analysis HR (95%CI) | P | Multivariate analysis a HR (95%CI) | P | Univariate analysis HR (95%CI) | P | Multivariate analysis b HR (95%CI) | P | |
| Age(years) | <65 | 458 | 1 | 0.878 | — | — | 1 | 0.063 | 1 | 0.047 |
| ≥65 | 244 | 0.978 (0.740–1.293) | — | 1.398 (0.982–1.989) | 1.435 (1.005–2.047) | |||||
| Sex | Male | 444 | 1 | 0.339 | — | — | 1 | 0.429 | — | — |
| Female | 258 | 0.873 (0.660–1.153) | — | 0.861 (0.595–1.247) | — | |||||
| Family history of CRC | No | 611 | 1 | 0.617 | — | — | 1 | 0.412 | — | — |
| Yes | 91 | 0.908 (0.621–1.327) | — | 1.262 (0.724–2.199) | — | |||||
| BMI(kg/m2) | <25 | 537 | 1 | 0.560 | — | — | 1 | 0.750 | — | — |
| ≥25 | 165 | 0.910 (0.662–1.250) | — | 0.935 (0.618–1.415) | — | |||||
| Smoking | No | 479 | 1 | 0.952 | — | — | 1 | 0.821 | — | — |
| Yes | 223 | 0.991 (0.747–1.315) | — | 0.958 (0.660–1.390) | — | |||||
| Drink | No | 552 | 1 | 0.206 | — | — | 1 | 0.774 | — | — |
| Yes | 145 | 1.223(0.895–1.670) | — | 0.938(0.609–1.447) | — | |||||
| Lymph node ratio | <0.07 | 450 | 1 | <0.001 | 1 | 0.086 | 1 | <0.001 | 1 | <0.001 |
| ≥0.07 | 252 | 2.819 (2.158–3.683) | 1.283 (0.965–1.705) | 4.774 (3.273–6.964) | 2.503 (1.690–3.708) | |||||
| Location | Left colon | 125 | 1 | 0.214 | — | — | 1 | 0.039 | — | — |
| Right colon | 419 | — | — | |||||||
| Rectal | 158 | 0.904 (0.772–1.060) | — | 0.808 (0.661–0.989) | — | |||||
| Differentiation | Poor | 96 | 1 | <0.001 | 1 | 0.011 | 1 | <0.001 | — | — |
| Moderate | 531 | — | ||||||||
| Well | 75 | 0.513 (0.393–0.670) | 0.693 (0.523–0.918) | 0.568 (0.401–0.803) | — | |||||
| TNM stage | 1 | 76 | 1 | <0.001 | 1 | <0.001 | 1 | <0.001 | 1 | <0.001 |
| 2 | 237 | |||||||||
| 3 | 256 | |||||||||
| 4 | 133 | 2.296 (2.452–3.491) | 2.180 (1.777–2.673) | 3.166 (2.495–4.017) | 2.307 (1.737–3.063) | |||||
| Cea (ng/ml) | <3.5 | 367 | 1 | <0.001 | 1 | 0.013 | 1 | <0.001 | 1 | 0.023 |
| ≥3.5 | 335 | 2.586 (1.954–3.421) | 1.466 (1.084–1.982) | 2.869 (1.962–4.196) | 1.588 (1.065–2.370) | |||||
| Ca199 (ng/ml) | <35.5 | 517 | 1 | <0.001 | 1 | 0.002 | 1 | <0.001 | — | — |
| ≥35.5 | 185 | 2.639 (2.019–3.450) | 1.579 (1.190–2.094) | 2.678 (1.888–3.798) | — | |||||
| Circumferential margin | No | 668 | 1 | 0.002 | — | — | 1 | <0.001 | — | — |
| Yes | 14 | 2.821 (1.446–5.503) | — | 4.212 (2.056–8.628) | — | |||||
| Vascular cancer embolus | No | 500 | 1 | <0.001 | — | — | 1 | 0.274 | — | — |
| Yes | 202 | 1.589 (1.206–2.094) | — | 1.233 (0.847–1.794) | — | |||||
| Nerve infiltration | No | 550 | 1 | <0.001 | — | — | 1 | 0.029 | — | - |
| Yes | 152 | 1.677 (1.253–2.245) | — | 1.539 (1.046–2.266) | — | |||||
| postoperation radiotherapy | No | 660 | 1 | 0.108 | — | — | 1 | 0.391 | — | — |
| Yes | 42 | 1.501 (0.915–2.464) | — | 1.346 (0.683–2.654) | — | |||||
| neoadjuvant | No | 212 | 1 | <0.001 | — | — | 1 | 0.224 | — | — |
| Yes | 490 | 2.147 (1.524–3.025) | — | 1.282 (0.859–1.914) | — | |||||
| DIR.LDH | 0 | 535 | 1 | <0.001 | 1 | 0.057 | 1 | <0.001 | 1 | 0.016 |
| 1 | 144 | |||||||||
| 2 | 23 | 1.907 (1.526–2.383) | 1.257 (0.993–1.590) | 2.250 (1.710–2.960) | 1.433 (1.069–1.920) | |||||
a
The multivariate Cox regression model included DIR.LDH, lymph node ratio, differentiation, TNM stage, circumferential margin, vascular cancer embolus, nerve infiltration, CEA, CA199 and neoadjuvant.
b
The multivariate Cox regression model included DIR.LDH, lymph node ratio, location, differentiation, TNM stage, circumferential margin, nerve infiltration, CEA, CA199 and age.
Abbreviation: CEA: carcinoembryonic antigen; CA199: carbohydrate antigen 19-9; DIR: direct bilirubin/indirect bilirubin; LDH: lactate dehydrogenase; DIR.LDH: the combination of DIR and LDH.