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. 2021 Oct 20;9:748804. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.748804

FIGURE 2.

FIGURE 2

The effect of microtubule (MT) stabilization in the chondrogenesis of SMSCs. (A) Western blot analysis of Ace-Tubulin, Col I, Col II, SOX9, SMAD3, and phosphorylated SMAD3 expression in synovial mesenchymal stem cells (SMSCs) treated with nocodazole (N) and docetaxel (D) in chondrogenic medium (CM) for 1 week. (B) Quantification of the data of (A). n = 5. (C) Immunofluorescence staining of Ace-Tubulin and F-actin. Scale bar, 50 μm. The docetaxel treatment increased the expression level of Ace-Tubulin. (D) Co-immunofluorescence staining of Col I and Col II. Scale bar, 100 μm. (E) Safranin O staining (SO) and Alcian blue (AB) staining of SMSC micro-mass culture grown in chondrogenic medium (CM) treated with nocodazole (N) and docetaxel (D) for 4 weeks. (F) pellet cultures of SMSCs in chondrogenic medium (CM) treated with nocodazole and docetaxel for 4 weeks. SO staining, toluidine blue (TB) staining, and immunohistochemical staining of Col II and Col I were performed to access the chondrogenesis of SMSC pellets. Scale bar, 100 μm. Data are represented as the mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.