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. 2021 Sep 8;8(21):2100460. doi: 10.1002/advs.202100460

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© 2021 The Authors. Advanced Science published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH

This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Monoclonal antibody (hGC33 and MEDI489) expressed Bio‐MVs for cancer immunotherapy and antibacterial sono‐immunotherapy. A) Demonstration of antibody‐mediated energy‐dependent membrane fusion after HepG2 cells incubated with DiI‐labeled hGC33‐Bio‐MVs. Red: Dil; Green: phalloidine. Scale bar is 20 µm. B) Antibody‐dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) cytotoxicity activity mediated by hGC33‐Bio‐MVs. Reproduced with permission.^[ ⁸¹ ^] Copyright 2019, Wiley‐VCH. C) Schematic illustration of the antivirulence and antibacterial mechanism of Bio‐MVs with antibody MEDI4893 expressed on the surface. D) Representative magnetic resonance images (MRI) of MRSA‐infected mice after injected with MEDI489 anchoring Bio‐MVs. E) 3D photoacoustic images of MRSA and LPS infected thighs from Bio‐MVs‐treated mice. Reproduced with permission.^[ ^42a ^] Copyright 2019, Wiley‐VCH.