Figure 3.

Phenotype of HLA‐DQ2.5:gluten tetramer‐binding (Tet⁺) cells of untreated CeD versus treated CeD before and after gluten challenge. A) Mass cytometry‐derived UMAP plot (generated from plot of Figure 2A) visualizing only integrin β7⁺ effector memory T (T_EM) cells from untreated CeD patients. Location of cluster 3, defining most Tet⁺ cells in untreated celiac disease (UCeD) patients versus location of clusters 1A, 1B, and 2, which defined Tet⁺ cells on baseline and day 6 after gluten challenge. B) Percentage of Tet⁺ from 4 UCeD patients locating within clusters 2 and 3, respectively. The 28 markers used to create the plot are visualized with their staining distribution in Figure S3 (Supporting Information). C,D) Heat map depicting log₂ fold change of markers analyzed by mass cytometry comparing cell types as indicated. All data include integrin β7⁺ CD4⁺ T_EM cells only.