Table 4.
T-Tests Comparing Participation by Number of Steps Per Day
| Average of 7,500+ Steps Per Day | Average of Less than 7,500 Steps Per Day | T-Tests | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | Mean | SD | N | Mean | SD | t-Value | DF | p-Value | |
| Participation Constructs | |||||||||
| Amount of Participation*** | 102 | 74.451 | 52.120 | 50 | 42.86 | 26.505 | −4.95 | 149.76 | < 0.001 |
| Breadth of Participation* | 102 | 8.677 | 3.877 | 50 | 7.18 | 3.486 | −2.4 | 107.31 | 0.018 |
| Sufficiency of Participation | 102 | 0.388 | 0.234 | 50 | 0.3371 | 0.198 | −1.39 | 113.56 | 0.167 |
| Amount of Participation in Individual Areas (# Participation Days) | |||||||||
| Go shopping? | 102 | 8.68 | 9.74 | 50 | 6.46 | 8.77 | −1.41 | 107.17 | 0.161 |
| Go to a restaurant of coffee shop? | 102 | 4.56 | 7.36 | 50 | 3.46 | 6.00 | −0.98 | 117.07 | 0.328 |
| Go to a place of worship? | 102 | 2.77 | 4.58 | 50 | 1.64 | 2.55 | −1.96 | 147.5 | 0.052 |
| Go to a movie? | 102 | 0.58 | 3.21 | 50 | 0.32 | 0.71 | −0.78 | 119.83 | 0.440 |
| Go to a park or recreation center?* | 102 | 4.03 | 7.08 | 50 | 1.62 | 5.08 | −2.4 | 129.63 | 0.018 |
| Go to a theater of cultural event? | 102 | 0.41 | 1.15 | 50 | 0.54 | 2.19 | 0.39 | 62.739 | 0.699 |
| Go to a zoo, botanical garden, or museum? | 102 | 0.33 | 1.29 | 50 | 0.16 | 0.55 | −1.16 | 147.72 | 0.249 |
| Go to run errands?*** | 102 | 7.56 | 9.91 | 50 | 2.46 | 2.67 | −4.85 | 127.43 | < 0.001 |
| Go to a library?** | 102 | 1.62 | 4.30 | 50 | 0.36 | 0.88 | −2.84 | 117.09 | 0.005 |
| Go to watch a sports event? | 102 | 0.75 | 3.31 | 50 | 0.12 | 0.59 | −1.87 | 113.66 | 0.063 |
| Go to a gym? | 102 | 1.71 | 4.14 | 50 | 0.74 | 3.20 | −1.58 | 122.49 | 0.116 |
| Go to a barber shop, beauty salon, nail salon, spa?*** | 102 | 1.40 | 2.42 | 50 | 0.52 | 0.65 | −3.44 | 127.04 | < 0.001 |
| Use public transportation? | 101 | 16.06 | 12.31 | 50 | 12.76 | 11.19 | −1.65 | 106.56 | 0.102 |
| Go to a 12-step grp for mental health issues? | 102 | 3.23 | 7.24 | 50 | 2 | 4.95 | −1.22 | 134.07 | 0.224 |
| Go to a 12-step grp for substance use problems? | 101 | 2.62 | 6.27 | 49 | 1.674 | 5.04 | −1 | 115.88 | 0.321 |
| Go to another type of support group? | 102 | 0.62 | 3.05 | 50 | 0.32 | 1.74 | −0.76 | 146.49 | 0.447 |
| Go to a consumer-run organization? | 102 | 4.15 | 6.76 | 50 | 2.76 | 4.93 | −1.43 | 128.15 | 0.154 |
| Go to a social group in the community?** | 102 | 0.68 | 1.98 | 50 | 0.1 | 0.36 | −2.84 | 114.29 | 0.005 |
| Work for pay? | 102 | 2.35 | 6.49 | 50 | 0.86 | 2.81 | −1.98 | 148.35 | 0.050 |
| Go to school to earn a degree or certificate? | 102 | 1.29 | 5.26 | 50 | 0.28 | 1.70 | −1.77 | 135.95 | 0.080 |
| Take a class for leisure or life skills? | 102 | 0.73 | 3.37 | 50 | 0.16 | 0.79 | −1.61 | 121.86 | 0.111 |
| Participate in volunteer activities?*** | 102 | 1.94 | 4.65 | 50 | 0.26 | 0.92 | −3.52 | 116.31 | < 0.001 |
| Get together in the community or attend an event with family or friends? | 102 | 0.92 | 2.23 | 50 | 0.66 | 1.30 | −0.91 | 145.3 | 0.364 |
| Entertain family or friends in your home or visit family or friends?** | 102 | 4.94 | 8.13 | 50 | 2.28 | 3.95 | −2.72 | 150 | 0.007 |
| Go to a community fair, community event or activity?** | 102 | 0.55 | 1.29 | 50 | 0.12 | 0.39 | −3.08 | 131.94 | 0.003 |
| Go to or participate in civic or political activities or organizations? | 102 | 0.157 | 0.75 | 50 | 0.26 | 0.56 | 0.94 | 125.63 | 0.347 |
Notes:
*
p<.05;
**
p<.01,
***
p<.001